PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of North America		Mesozoic Subages		Carboniferous of China	Silurian Ages of Europe	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Central Paratethys Stages	Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Cenozoic 6	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Chibanian																0.129
		Chibanian															Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian															Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian															Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian															Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian															Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian															Waipipian	3
		Zanclean															Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean															Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian														Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian															Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian												Pannonian			Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian												Pannonian		Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian												Sarmatian	Cenozoic 5			11.63
														Badenian				12.8 *
														Badenian			Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian															Lillburnian	13.82
																	Clifdenian	15.1
																Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian															Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian															Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian															Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian														Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25		Cenozoic 4		Waitakian	23.03
																	Duntroonian	25.2
																	Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian										MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A			Cenozoic 3			33.9
																Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																	Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian										MP 16					Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian										MP 16					Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian										MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11			Cenozoic 2		Bortonian	41.2
																Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																	Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian										MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7					Heretaungan	47.8
																	Mangaorapan	48.9
																	Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										MP 6	MP 1 - 5		Cenozoic 1		Teurian	56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian							Cretaceous 8	Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian							Cretaceous 7		Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian							Cretaceous 6		Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian								Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian										89.8
																	Mangaotanean	90.5
																	Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian							Cretaceous 5		Arowhanan	93.9
																Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																	Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Late Albian							Cretaceous 4		Motuan	100.5
								Late Albian									Urutawan	103.3
								Middle Albian									Urutawan	106.2 *
								Middle Albian								Taitai	Korangan	108.4
								Early Albian										109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian							Cretaceous 3			113
								Late Aptian										117.5
				Early Aptian	119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian	Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian		139.8
				Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
				Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5		149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		Jurassic 4		165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian				168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian				168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		Jurassic 3		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian				174.7
				Middle Toarcian				180.4 *
				Early Toarcian				182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2		184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		Jurassic 1		192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		Jurassic 1		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4		201.4
		Norian		Sevatian				208.5
				Alaunian				213.2 *
				Lacian				216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian		Triassic 3		227
		Carnian		Julian		Triassic 3		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian		Triassic 2		237
		Ladinian		Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian				242
				Pelsonian				243.8 *
				Bithynian				244.7 *
				Aegean				245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian		Triassic 1		247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian				248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian				251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian				251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian			300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian			303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun			305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian							315.2
						Huashibanian			318.5 *
						Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian			Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian			Carboniferous 3			330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian			Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Visean	Jiusian			Carboniferous 2			335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			Carboniferous 1			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian				Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian				Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Gleedonian		427.4
		Homerian					Whitwellian		429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1	Ungurian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Cambrian 5			Batyrbaian	485.4
		Stage 10								Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian									489.5
									Aksaian		490.7 *
									Sakian		492.2 *
										Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian								Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Marjumian			Albertian †	Cambrian 4	Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian										499.5
		Drumian									Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian									Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		Topazan		Cambrian 3	Tuesaian	504.5
								Topazan				505.3
								Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							Waucoban †			509
											Toyonian	510 *
								Dyeran			Toyonian	511 *
											Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3								Cambrian 2		514
				Montezuman				514.8 *
				Montezuman				Atdabanian			515.6 *
				Begadean				Atdabanian			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Tommotian			521
		Stage 2									525.5
		Fortunian								Cambrian 1	529
																		538.8