PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of North America		Silurian of North America			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cenozoic Subepochs	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of China	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene					0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene					0.774
		Gelasian											Early Pleistocene					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											Early Pliocene					3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian											Late Miocene					7.246
		Serravallian											Middle Miocene					11.63
		Langhian											Middle Miocene					13.82
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene					15.98
		Aquitanian											Early Miocene					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											Late Oligocene	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											Early Oligocene	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											Late Eocene	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
		Bartonian											Middle Eocene	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Lutetian											Middle Eocene					41.2
		Ypresian											Early Eocene		Bumbanian			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Late Paleocene	Gashatan				56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian															Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Pliensbachian																184.2
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian														Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †												Laoshanian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †												Laibinian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian														Lengwuan		259.51
		Wordian														Kuhfengian		264.28
		Roadian														Kuhfengian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian														Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian														Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian														Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian														Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian														Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian														Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian				300.1
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan		419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran		422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
			Alexandrian						438.7 *
						Medinan		Clinton	440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu	445.2
										Vormsi	449.6 *
										Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
									Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
										Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †	453
										Haljala		453.9
										Kukruse		456.4 *
										Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Uhaku		458.4
										Lasnamagi		458.9 *
										Aseri		460.4 *
									Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
										Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
										Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian								Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
											Latorp †		470.1 *
										Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian								Hunneberg			Ungurian	477.7
										Varangu				481.3 *
										Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Pakerort	Batyrbaian		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
															Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
				Aksaian							490.7 *
				Sakian							492.2 *
											Steptoean				493 *
		Paibian									Steptoean				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †							Ayusokkanian		Marjumian		Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian														499.5
		Drumian									Zhanaarykian					500.5
		Drumian									Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan									Tuesaian		Stage 5 †			Topazan	504.5
											505.3					Topazan
											Delamaran					506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Waucoban †	509
					Toyonian											510 *
					Toyonian						Dyeran					511 *
					Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3														514
											Montezuman					514.8 *
					Atdabanian						Montezuman					515.6 *
					Atdabanian						Begadean					519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian											521
		Stage 2														525.5
		Fortunian														529
																		538.8