PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of North America		Permian Subages of Germany	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene									0.129
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene									0.774
		Gelasian										Early Pleistocene									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										Early Pliocene									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene									5.333
		Tortonian										Late Miocene									7.246
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene									11.63
		Langhian										Middle Miocene									13.82
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene									15.98
		Aquitanian										Early Miocene									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Early Oligocene									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene									33.9
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene									37.71
		Lutetian										Middle Eocene									41.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene									56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene									59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	Senonian		66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Gallic		100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																	Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Oteke	Puaroan										145
		Kimmeridgian								Oteke	Puaroan										149.2
										Kawhia	Ohauan										150
											Heterian										154.5
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Callovian									Temaikan										164.3
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Toarcian								Herangi	Ururoan										176
		Pliensbachian									Ururoan										184.2
		Pliensbachian									Aratauran										188.9
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								Balfour	Otapirian										201.4
		Norian									Warepan										208.5
											Otamitan										217
											Oretian										221
		Carnian									Oretian										227
		Carnian								Gore	Kaihikuan										227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Kaihikuan										237
		Ladinian									Etalian										238
		Anisian									Etalian										242
		Anisian									Malakovian										246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Malakovian		Vokhmian								247.2
		Olenekian									Nelsonian										249
		Induan									Nelsonian										251.2
		Induan								DUrville	Makarewan										251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Buntsandstein		Makarewan										251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Leine		Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian					Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian					Mangapirian		283.5
							Telfordian		285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill						Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc						Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn						Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig						Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Fennian			470
									Whitlandian			471.1 *
									Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ungurian						Tremadoc			Migneintian	477.7
												Cressagian	480.8 *
												Cressagian	Mansian †	483.55 *
													Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Batyrbaian										Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Stage 10												Niuchehean					Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian												Jiangshanian						489.5
			Aksaian													Aksaian				490.7 *
			Sakian													Sakian				492.2 *
																			Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian												Paibian						494
				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian														494.7 *
				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian											Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian									Marjumian	Albertian †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian			Mayan/Menevian										Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian		Zhanaarykian				Drumian							500.5
		Drumian		Tuesaian				Drumian							503
		Wuliuan		Tuesaian	Stage 5 †			Topazan					Wuliuan/Taijangian			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
								Topazan									505.3
						Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Waucoban †	Duyunian					509
				Toyonian									Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
				Toyonian		Dyeran							Toyonian			511 *
				Botomian									Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3						Nangaoian								514
						Montezuman										514.8 *
				Atdabanian		Montezuman							Atdabanian			515.6 *
				Atdabanian		Begadean							Atdabanian			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian				Meishucunian					Tommotian			521
		Stage 2											Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian												Manykaian †		529
		Fortunian						Jinnigian						Manykaian †		530.7
																					538.8