PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Ordovician of Australia	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Silurian of North America			Ordovician of the Baltic				Carboniferous Subepochs	South American Land Mammal Ages		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ammonite Chrons of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Lujanian						0.0117
		Chibanian															Lujanian						0.129
		Chibanian															Ensenadan						0.3 *
		Calabrian															Ensenadan						0.774
		Calabrian															Sanandresian	Uquian †					1.7 *
		Gelasian															Sanandresian						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Vorohuean						2.58
		Piacenzian															Chapadmalalan						2.9 *
		Zanclean															Chapadmalalan						3.6
																	Montehermosan						3.7 *
																	Huayquerian						4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																					5.333
		Tortonian																					7.246
																	Chasicoan						7.9 *
																	Mayoan						9.9 *
																	Laventan						10.9 *
		Serravallian															Laventan						11.63
		Serravallian															Colloncuran						13.7 *
		Langhian															Colloncuran						13.82
		Langhian															Friasian						15.4 *
		Burdigalian															Friasian						15.98
																	Santacrucian						16.2 *
																	Colhuehuapian						17.4 *
		Aquitanian															Colhuehuapian						20.44
		Aquitanian															Deseadan						20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																					23.03
		Rupelian																					27.82
		Rupelian															Tinguirirican						28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian															Tinguirirican						33.9
		Priabonian															Divisaderan						35.9 *
		Bartonian																					37.71
		Lutetian																					41.2
		Lutetian															Mustersan						41.9 *
		Ypresian															Mustersan						47.8
		Ypresian															Casamayoran						47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian															Riochican						56
																	Itaboraian						56.9 *
																	Peligran						58.9 *
		Selandian																					59.2
		Danian																					61.6
		Danian															Tiupampan						62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																					66
		Campanian																					72.1
		Santonian																					83.6
		Coniacian																					86.3
		Turonian																					89.8
		Cenomanian																					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																					100.5
		Aptian																					113
		Barremian																					121.4
		Hauterivian																					125.77
		Valanginian																					132.6
		Berriasian																					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																					145
		Kimmeridgian																					149.2
		Oxfordian																					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																					161.5
		Bathonian																					165.3
		Bajocian																		Epizigzagiceras			168.2
		Bajocian																		Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense			168.4
		Aalenian																		Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta			174.7
																				Planulata			179.3 *
																				Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
				Kanense	181.3 *
				Carlottense	182.3 *
				Kunae	183.5 *
		Pliensbachian		Kunae	184.2
				Freboldi	185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
					Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian				192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras	196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian						Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian							Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian							Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian							Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean							Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian							Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian								Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli									Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
										Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Bolindian				Harju	Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian													Pirgu		Rawtheyan	445.2
																	Cautleyan	448.9 *
										Eastonian							Cautleyan	449 *
																	Pusgillian	449.3 *
															Vormsi	Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
															Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
														Viru	Rakvere					450.6 *
															Rakvere		Cheneyan			451.5 *
										Gisbornian					Oandu		Cheneyan			452 *
															Oandu		Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian													Keila				Idavere †	453
															Keila			Actonian †		453.2 *
															Haljala			Actonian †		453.9
																		Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
																		Longvillian †			455.2 *
															Kukruse						456.4 *
																	Aurelucian				456.8 *
																		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
															Uhaku			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian					Llanvirn					Uhaku	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn		458.4
															Lasnamagi			458.9 *
				Aseri		460.4 *
				Aseri		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn									461.3 *
				Oeland										Kunda	462.9 *
														Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
														Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian			Yapeenian													467.3
					Yapeenian	Arenig				Fennian								468.4 *
					Castlemainian													468.5 *
					Castlemainian									Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian		470
							Latorp †									470.1 *
										Whitlandian						471.1 *
					Bendigonian			471.8 *
					Lancefieldian			473.5 *
								Hunneberg						473.7 *
										Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian				Ungurian				Tremadoc				Migneintian		477.7
														Cressagian		480.8 *
								Varangu								481.3 *
								Pakerort								482.2 *
					Warendian											482.8 *
					Warendian											485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian											485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
		Jiangshanian							489.5
					Aksaian				490.7 *
					Sakian				492.2 *
		Paibian			Sakian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †				Ayusokkanian							497
		Guzhangian							499.5
		Drumian	Zhanaarykian						500.5
		Drumian	Tuesaian						503
		Wuliuan	Tuesaian						Stage 5 †							504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †							505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4														509
			Toyonian													510 *
			Botomian													512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian													514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian													515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian								521
																							525.5