PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian								33.9
		Bartonian										Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian											Bumbanian							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Gashatan								56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	Senonian	66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Gallic	100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																	Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Vokhmian													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian													254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian							Tatarian	Vyatkian					256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian								Severodvinian					259.51
		Wordian					Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian								Urzhumian					264.28
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian							Kazanian	Povolzhian					266.9
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian							Kazanian	Sokian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian					273.01
															Filipovian					276.5 *
															Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian												Artinskian	Sarginian					283.5
															Irginian					285.9 *
															Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian												Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian					290.1
		Sakmarian												Sakmarian	Tastubian					291.7 *
		Asselian												Asselian	Shikhanian					293.52
															Uskalykian					294.8
					Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian					Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian						Bohdalec †	Rawtheyan	445.2
										Cautleyan	448.9 *
										Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Caradoc		Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
			Berounian							Streffordian		449.7 *
										Cheneyan		451.5 *
										Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
											Actonian †	453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †		455.2 *
													Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Aurelucian					456.8 *
											Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
									Liben †		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
			Dobrotivian												458.5 *
			Oretanian												459.7 *
										Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
									Sarka †						461.7 *
		Dapingian							Klabava †						467.3
			Arenigian												468
								Arenig		Fennian					468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Fennian					470
										Whitlandian					471.1 *
										Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ungurian	Tremadocian					Tremadoc	Migneintian					477.7
										Cressagian					480.8 *
										Cressagian					Mansian †	483.55 *
															Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Batyrbaian				Batyrbaian								Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian	Batyrbaian				Batyrbaian										489.5
			Aksaian				Aksaian										490.7 *
			Sakian				Sakian										492.2 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian														Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †				Ayusokkanian								Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian													Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian					Zhanaarykian											500.5
		Drumian					Tuesaian											503
		Wuliuan					Tuesaian								Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
		Wuliuan				505.3									Stage 5 †
	Series 2	Stage 4					509
					Toyonian		Toyonian								Lenian †	510 *
					Botomian		Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian		Botomian									514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian		Atdabanian									515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian		Tommotian									521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian								Manykaian †	529
																				538.8