PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Mesozoic Subages		Silurian of England		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Calabrian														0.774
		Gelasian														1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian													Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian													Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian													Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian													Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian								Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian					Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian								Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian					Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian								Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian					Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian					Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian					Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian								Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Late Albian								Cretaceous 4	100.5
							Middle Albian									106.2 *
							Early Albian									109.9 *
		Aptian					Late Aptian								Cretaceous 3	113
		Aptian					Early Aptian								Cretaceous 3	119.5 *
		Barremian					Late Barremian/Early Barremian								Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian					Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian								Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian					Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian								Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian					Late Berriasian									139.8
							Middle Berriasian									140.6 *
							Early Berriasian									142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Jurassic 6	145
		Tithonian					Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Jurassic 6	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian					Late Kimmeridgian								Jurassic 5	149.2
		Kimmeridgian					Early Kimmeridgian									152.2 *
		Oxfordian					Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								154.8
		Oxfordian						Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian					Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian								Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian					Late Bajocian									168.2
		Bajocian					Early Bajocian									168.6 *
		Aalenian					Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian								Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Late Toarcian									174.7
							Middle Toarcian									180.4 *
							Early Toarcian									182.9 *
		Pliensbachian					Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian								Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian					Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian								Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian					Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian								Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian					Sevatian									208.5
							Alaunian									213.2 *
							Lacian									216.7 *
		Carnian					Tuvalian								Triassic 3	227
		Carnian					Julian								Triassic 3	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian		243.8 *
				Bithynian		244.7 *
				Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian		251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5		Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian					Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4				307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Whitcliffe/Leintwardine				Silurian 2	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Bringewood/Elton					421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood					423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian			Buildwas					426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian			Buildwas					427.4
		Homerian	Wych		Woolhope					428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park							439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian						Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian						Berounian			449.7 *
		Sandbian							Ordovician 4		453
											Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Ordovician 3				458.4
								Dobrotivian					458.5 *
								Oretanian					459.7 *
										Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian							Klabava †	Ordovician 2			467.3
		Dapingian						Arenigian					468
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Arenigian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Ungurian	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Batyrbaian					Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian						Batyrbaian						489.5
								Aksaian						490.7 *
								Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian						Sakian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †					Ayusokkanian	Cambrian 4	497
		Guzhangian													499.5
		Drumian											Zhanaarykian		500.5
		Drumian											Tuesaian		503
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †							Tuesaian	Cambrian 3	504.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †									505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4													509
													Toyonian		510 *
				Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3		Botomian									Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3		Atdabanian										515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian										521
		Stage 2												525.5
		Fortunian											Cambrian 1	529
																538.8