PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Devonian of Germany	Silurian Ages of Europe	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian																				0.0042
		Greenlandian																				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																				0.0117
		Chibanian																				0.129
		Chibanian													Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian													Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian													Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian													Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian													Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												Mangapanian							2.58
		Piacenzian													Waipipian							3
		Zanclean													Waipipian							3.6
		Zanclean													Opoitian							3.7
	Miocene	Messinian												Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian													Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian												Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian													Waiauan							11.63
		Serravallian													Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian													Lillburnian							13.82
															Clifdenian							15.1
														Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian													Altonian							15.98
		Burdigalian													Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian													Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian												Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													Waitakian							23.03
															Duntroonian							25.2
															Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																				33.9
														Arnold	Runangan							34.6
															Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian													Kaiatan							37.71
		Bartonian													Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian													Bortonian							41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
															Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian													Heretaungan							47.8
															Mangaorapan							48.9
															Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Teurian							56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												Mata	Haumurian							66
		Campanian													Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian													Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian												Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
															Mangaotanean							90.5
															Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian													Arowhanan							93.9
														Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
															Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Motuan							100.5
															Urutawan							103.3
														Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian													Korangan							113
		Aptian																				117.5
		Barremian																				121.4
		Hauterivian																				125.77
		Valanginian																				132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras	Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
		Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense		Humphresianum	168.4
		Aalenian			Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	174.7
					Planulata			179.3 *
								Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
									180.1
					Kanense				181.3 *
					Kanense	Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum			182
					Carlottense				182.3 *
					Kunae				183.5 *
		Pliensbachian			Kunae	Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni			184.2
					Freboldi				185.1 *
					Whiteavesi/Imlayi				Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
									Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
					Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras				Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian				Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras			Psiloceras		196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
		Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites	Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								201.4
		Norian								208.5
		Carnian								227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian								242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan								251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian									Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian										305.9
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Adorf									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian	Siegen									407.6
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian										Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Kosovian									Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Kralodvorian										Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
				Kralodvorian										Richmondian		446 *
				Berounian										Richmondian		449.7 *
														Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
														Edenian			450.4 *
													Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian												Chatfieldian			453
														Turinian			453.7 *
														Turinian			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Whiterockian							Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	Zahorany †/Vinice		457 *
															Liben †				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian																	458.4
				Dobrotivian															458.5 *
				Oretanian															459.7 *
															Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian													Klabava †				467.3
				Arenigian															468
													Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian						Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
		Floian											Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Ungurian									Tulean		Tremadocian						477.7
									Stairsian				480.3 *
									Skullrockian				Demingian †						482 *
					Mansian †	483.55 *							Demingian †
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †		Ketyan †/Yurakian											485.4
		Stage 10																	487.5
		Jiangshanian																	489.5
				Aksaian	Aksaian														490.7 *
				Sakian	Sakian														492.2 *
		Paibian																	494
		Paibian						Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian											494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian	Ayusokkanian															497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian				499.5
		Drumian			Zhanaarykian					500.5
		Drumian			Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan			Tuesaian	Stage 5 †				Amgan/Solvan											504.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †															505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4																			509
					Toyonian			Toyonian		Lenian †											510 *
					Botomian			Botomian													512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian			Botomian													514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian			Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian			Tommotian			521
		Stage 2						Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian						Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †	529
																						538.8