PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Siberia			North American Land Mammal Ages	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Devonian Subages	Devonian of France	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Saintaugustinean						Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan							Santarosean								0.0004
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Nihewanian					0.0117
		Late Pleistocene							Rancholabrean								0.014
		Chibanian							Rancholabrean								0.129
									Irvingtonian								0.21
																Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian															0.774
									Blancan								1.4
																Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Yushean				Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian														Waipipian	3
		Zanclean														Waipipian	3.6
																Opoitian	3.7
									Hemphillian								4.7
												Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian													Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian															7.246
									Clarendonian								9.4
															Southland	Waiauan	11.04
												Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian															11.63
									Barstovian								12.5
																Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian										Shanwangian				Lillburnian	13.82
																Clifdenian	15.1
															Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian															15.98
									Hemingfordian								16.3
									Hemingfordian			Xiejiaan					16.9
									Arikareean								18.5
																Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25					Waitakian	23.03
																Duntroonian	25.2
																Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian								MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21							27.82
									Whitneyan								29.5
									Orellan								31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian							Chadronian	MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A							33.9
															Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																Kaiatan	36.7
									Duchesnean								37
		Bartonian								MP 16							37.71
																Bortonian	39.1
									Uintan								39.7
		Lutetian								MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11							41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																Heretaungan	45.7
									Bridgerian								46.2
		Ypresian								MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7							47.8
																Mangaorapan	48.9
									Wasatchian							Mangaorapan	50.5
									Wasatchian							Waipawan	52
									Clarkforkian							Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Clarkforkian	MP 6	MP 1 - 5					Teurian	56
		Thanetian							Tiffanian	MP 6							56.2
		Selandian							Tiffanian								59.2
		Selandian		Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian		Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian		Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
		Asselian							Kuzel		297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Kuzel		298.9
									Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
											Stephanian B	300.9 *
											Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian									Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian									Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian									Cantabrian	307
									Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
											Westphalian C	309.8
											Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian									Westphalian B	315.2
											Westphalian A	317 *
									Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
										Marsdenian	320.2 *
										Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
										Alportian	322 *
			Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chokierian	323.2
			Arnsbergian	324 *
			Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
			Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
			Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian		Famennian					358.9
			Middle Famennian							365.3 *
			Early Famennian							368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian		Frasnian					372.2
			Middle Frasnian							375.4 *
			Early Frasnian							379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian		Givetian		Srbsko			382.7
			Middle Givetian							383.7 *
			Early Givetian							385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian		Couvinien		Chotec			387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				Chotec			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			Daleje/Zlichovian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian			Pragian	407.6
		Pragian	Pragian		Coblencien	Pragian	408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian		Gedinnine	Lochkovian	410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
		Tremadocian					477.7
		Tremadocian					Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Batyrbaian	Tavgian †		Ketyan †/Yurakian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10										Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
							Aksaian						490.7 *
							Sakian						492.2 *
												Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian											494
		Paibian								Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian				Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian						Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian						Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †				Amgan/Solvan		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †						Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Waucoban †		509
										Toyonian		Lenian †			510 *
										Toyonian				Dyeran	511 *
										Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3													514
														Montezuman	514.8 *
										Atdabanian				Montezuman	515.6 *
										Atdabanian				Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Tommotian					521
		Stage 2								Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian								Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †			529
																	538.8