PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Siberia			North American Land Mammal Ages	Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian of China	Permian Subages of Germany	Ordovician of Britain				Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Saintaugustinean									Cenozoic 6		0
		Meghalayan							Santarosean											0.0004
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Late Pleistocene							Rancholabrean											0.014
		Chibanian							Rancholabrean											0.129
		Chibanian							Irvingtonian											0.21
		Calabrian							Irvingtonian											0.774
		Calabrian							Blancan											1.4
		Gelasian																		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
		Zanclean																		3.6
		Zanclean							Hemphillian											4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Tortonian							Clarendonian											9.4
		Serravallian							Clarendonian									Cenozoic 5		11.63
		Serravallian							Barstovian											12.5
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
									Hemingfordian											16.3
									Arikareean											18.5
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																Cenozoic 4		23.03
		Rupelian																		27.82
									Whitneyan											29.5
									Orellan											31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian							Chadronian									Cenozoic 3		33.9
		Priabonian							Duchesnean											37
		Bartonian							Duchesnean											37.71
		Bartonian							Uintan											39.7
		Lutetian							Uintan									Cenozoic 2		41.2
		Lutetian							Bridgerian											46.2
		Ypresian							Bridgerian											47.8
									Wasatchian											50.5
									Clarkforkian											54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Clarkforkian									Cenozoic 1		56
		Thanetian							Tiffanian											56.2
		Selandian							Tiffanian											59.2
		Selandian							Torrejonian											60.9
		Danian							Torrejonian											61.6
		Danian							Puercan											63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Cretaceous 8		66
		Campanian																Cretaceous 7		72.1
		Santonian																Cretaceous 6		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																Cretaceous 5		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																Cretaceous 4		100.5
		Aptian																Cretaceous 3		113
		Barremian																Cretaceous 2		121.4
		Hauterivian																Cretaceous 2		125.77
		Valanginian																Cretaceous 1		132.6
		Berriasian																Cretaceous 1		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																Jurassic 6		145
		Kimmeridgian																Jurassic 5		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																Jurassic 4		165.3
		Bajocian																Jurassic 4		168.2
		Aalenian																Jurassic 3		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																Jurassic 3		174.7
		Pliensbachian																Jurassic 2		184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	Buntsandstein	Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan		Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian		Leine	264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian		Permian 3	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian		Permian 2	273.01
		Artinskian			Luodianian			283.5
		Artinskian			Longlinian			285.4 *
		Sakmarian			Longlinian			290.1
		Asselian			Zisongian		Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian		Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Gzhelian						300.1
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					West Fallsian/Sonyean	Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian		Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Southwoodian	Cazenovian		Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian		Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian								Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian								Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Silurian 2	Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli										Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian									Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian									Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian									Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	430.5								Jaagarahu
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani						431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani						Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian	Adavere							434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere							438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula							439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula							440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru							441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill						Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan			445.2
									Cautleyan			448.9 *
									Pusgillian			449.3 *
			Caradoc						Streffordian			Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan				451.5 *
									Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian								Ordovician 4			453
												Actonian †	453.2 *
												Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
												Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian			Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn						Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Ordovician 3		458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Ordovician 3		461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Ordovician 2		467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig						Fennian					468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Fennian					470
									Whitlandian					471.1 *
									Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc						Migneintian			Ordovician 1		477.7
									Cressagian					480.8 *
									Cressagian					Mansian †	483.55 *
														Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Batyrbaian		Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Cambrian 5	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian										Batyrbaian					Jiangshanian		489.5
				Aksaian								490.7 *
				Sakian								492.2 *
		Paibian				Paibian						494
												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian									Cambrian 4	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian										Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian				Mayan/Menevian										Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †									Amgan/Solvan	Cambrian 3	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Duyunian									Amgan/Solvan		509
												Toyonian			Lenian †		510 *
												Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3				Cambrian 2						Botomian				Nangaoian	514
		Stage 3										Atdabanian				Nangaoian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										Tommotian				Meishucunian	521
		Stage 2										Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian				Manykaian †									Cambrian 1		529
		Fortunian				Manykaian †									Cambrian 1	Jinnigian	530.7
																				538.8