PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of Britain			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Silurian of England		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of North America				Cretaceous Subepochs	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian																								0.0042
		Greenlandian																								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																							Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																							Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian																	Castlecliffian						Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian																	Castlecliffian						Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian																	Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian																	Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian																	Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																Mangapanian						Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian																	Waipipian						Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean																	Waipipian						Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean																	Opoitian						Early Pliocene	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian																Taranaki	Kapitean						Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian																	Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian																	Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian																Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian																	Waiauan						Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian																	Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian																	Lillburnian							13.82
																			Clifdenian							15.1
																		Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian																	Altonian						Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian																	Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian																	Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian																Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	Waitakian						Late Oligocene	23.03
																			Duntroonian							25.2
																			Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian																							Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																							Late Eocene	33.9
																		Arnold	Runangan							34.6
																			Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian																	Kaiatan						Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian																	Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian																	Bortonian							41.2
																		Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
																			Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian																	Heretaungan						Early Eocene	47.8
																			Mangaorapan							48.9
																			Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian																	Teurian						Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																							Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																							Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Mata	Haumurian					Senonian		66
		Campanian																	Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian																	Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian																Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian																								86.3
		Turonian																								89.8
																			Mangaotanean							90.5
																			Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian																	Arowhanan							93.9
																		Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
																			Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Motuan					Gallic		100.5
																			Urutawan							103.3
																		Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian																	Korangan							113
		Aptian																								117.5
		Barremian																								121.4
		Hauterivian																						Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																								132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
		Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				168.2
		Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
		Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian						425.6
		Gorstian	Buildwas					426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Buildwas					427.4
		Homerian	Wych				Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Telychian						436.3 *
		Aeronian						438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park					439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill					Hirnantian	Kosovian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Rawtheyan	Kralodvorian		Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
								Rawtheyan			Richmondian		446 *
								Cautleyan					448.9 *
								Pusgillian					449.3 *
			Caradoc					Streffordian					Onnian †	449.6 *
									Berounian					449.7 *
											Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Edenian				450.4 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
				Cheneyan	451.5 *
				Burrellian	452.7 *
		Sandbian			453
					Actonian †			453.2 *
					Actonian †			Turinian			453.7 *
					Marshbrookian †						Woolstonian †		454.2 *
					Longvillian †								455.2 *
													Zahorany †/Vinice		Letna †	456.2 *
				Aurelucian												456.8 *
								Whiterockian						Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian												457.4 *
					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian							Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn													458.4
									Dobrotivian								458.5 *
									Oretanian								459.7 *
				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn													461.3 *
												Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian										Klabava †					467.3
									Arenigian								468
			Arenig	Fennian													468.4 *
						Rangerian				469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ibexian		Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †						Cassinian †	470
				Whitlandian				Blackhillsian									471.1 *
				Whitlandian				Tulean									473.9 *
				Moridunian													474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian					Tremadocian								477.7
				Migneintian				Stairsian									480.3 *
				Cressagian				Stairsian									480.8 *
								Skullrockian								Demingian †	482 *
																	Mansian †	483.55 *
																	Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian	Tavgian †				Ketyan †/Yurakian						Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10																			487.5
		Jiangshanian																			489.5
									Aksaian												490.7 *
									Sakian												492.2 *
		Paibian																			494
		Paibian												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian							494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian											Middle Cambrian	497
		Guzhangian								Mayan/Menevian												499.5
		Drumian								Mayan/Menevian												500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †												Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																			Early Cambrian	Amgan/Solvan	509
														Toyonian								Lenian †	510 *
														Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3												Botomian									514
		Stage 3												Atdabanian									515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Tommotian									521
		Stage 2												Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian												Nemakit-Daldynian								Manykaian †	529
																										538.8