PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Siberia			Permian Subages of Germany	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian										Early Pleistocene						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										Early Pliocene						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene						5.333
		Tortonian										Late Miocene						7.246
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene						11.63
		Langhian										Middle Miocene						13.82
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene						15.98
		Aquitanian										Early Miocene						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene						33.9
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene						37.71
		Lutetian										Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene						56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Senonian		66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Gallic		100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian														Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Oteke	Puaroan							145
		Kimmeridgian								Oteke	Puaroan							149.2
										Kawhia	Ohauan							150
											Heterian							154.5
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Callovian									Temaikan							164.3
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Toarcian								Herangi	Ururoan							176
		Pliensbachian									Ururoan							184.2
		Pliensbachian									Aratauran							188.9
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								Balfour	Otapirian							201.4
		Norian									Warepan							208.5
											Otamitan							217
											Oretian							221
		Carnian									Oretian							227
		Carnian								Gore	Kaihikuan							227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Kaihikuan							237
		Ladinian									Etalian							238
		Anisian									Etalian							242
		Anisian									Malakovian							246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Malakovian		Vokhmian					247.2
		Olenekian									Nelsonian							249
		Induan									Nelsonian							251.2
		Induan								DUrville	Makarewan							251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Buntsandstein		Makarewan							251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Leine		Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian					Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian					Mangapirian		283.5
							Telfordian		285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill						Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc						Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn						Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig						Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Fennian			470
									Whitlandian			471.1 *
									Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc						Migneintian			477.7
									Cressagian			480.8 *
									Cressagian			Mansian †	483.55 *
												Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian										Batyrbaian			Jiangshanian		489.5
												Aksaian					490.7 *
												Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian													Paibian		494
														Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
														Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †								Ayusokkanian			Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian										Mayan/Menevian			Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian										Mayan/Menevian			Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †							Amgan/Solvan			Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Duyunian				Amgan/Solvan			509
												Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
												Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3						Nangaoian				Botomian			514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian		Nangaoian				515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian		Meishucunian				521
		Stage 2				Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian					Manykaian †					529
		Fortunian					Manykaian †	Jinnigian				530.7
																		538.8