PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permian of Western Europe	Carboniferous Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Mesozoic Subages		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Serravallian																11.63
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Lancian/Edmontonian				66
		Campanian										Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Judithian/Aquilan				72.1
		Santonian										Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian										Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian										Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian										Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Late Albian						100.5
												Middle Albian						106.2 *
												Early Albian						109.9 *
		Aptian										Late Aptian						113
		Aptian										Early Aptian						119.5 *
		Barremian										Late Barremian/Early Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian										Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian										Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian										Late Berriasian						139.8
												Middle Berriasian						140.6 *
												Early Berriasian						142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian					145
		Tithonian										Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian					146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian										Late Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Kimmeridgian										Early Kimmeridgian						152.2 *
		Oxfordian										Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					154.8
		Oxfordian											Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian										Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian								Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites		Late Bajocian						168.2
											Humphresianum	Late Bajocian						168.4
											Humphresianum	Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian								Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	Late Toarcian						174.7
												Late Toarcian						180.1
												Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
										Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		Middle Toarcian						182
										Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		Early Toarcian						182.9 *
		Pliensbachian								Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian								Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian								Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian										Sevatian						208.5
												Alaunian						213.2 *
												Lacian						216.7 *
		Carnian										Tuvalian						227
		Carnian										Julian						233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										Longobardian						237
		Ladinian										Fassanian						239.7 *
		Anisian										Illyrian						242
												Pelsonian						243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian				Autunian	283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian					Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian	Middle Pennsylvanian				307
		Bashkirian	Early Pennsylvanian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Late Mississippian				323.2
		Visean	Middle Mississippian				330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian					Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian					Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian					Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani	433.4
		Telychian					Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian					Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian					Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian					Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Cincinnatian	Gamachian			Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian							Gamachian				Pirgu	445.2
									Richmondian				Pirgu	446 *
									Richmondian		Vormsi		449.6 *
									Maysvillian		Vormsi		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Maysvillian		Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
									Edenian		Nabala				450.4 *
									Edenian		Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
								Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			Rakvere			451.1 *
												Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian								Keila		Idavere †		453
									Turinian	Keila				453.7 *
										Haljala				453.9
										Kukruse				456.4 *
								Whiterockian		Kukruse			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
										Uhaku		Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Uhaku					458.4
										Lasnamagi					458.9 *
										Aseri					460.4 *
										Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
											Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
											Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian														467.3
									Rangerian							469.1 *
									Rangerian		Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
				Latorp †											470.1 *
											Hunneberg				473.7 *
					Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean				Ungurian						477.7
					Stairsian										480.3 *
					Stairsian						Varangu				481.3 *
					Skullrockian						Varangu				Demingian †	482 *
											Pakerort				Demingian †	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Datsonian					Batyrbaian		Pakerort						485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
				Payntonian							486.8 *
				Payntonian							487.5
		Jiangshanian		Iverian							489.5
									Aksaian		490.7 *
									Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian	Idamean	494					Sakian
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †	Mindyallan					Ayusokkanian		497
				Boomerangian					Ayusokkanian		499
				Boomerangian							499.5
		Drumian		Undillan					Zhanaarykian		500.5
		Drumian		Floran					Tuesaian		503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †					Tuesaian		Templetonian						504.5
											Templetonian						505.3
											Ordian						507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4															509
									Toyonian								510 *
									Toyonian								510.8 *
									Botomian								512.5 *
		Stage 3							Botomian								514
		Stage 3							Atdabanian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Tommotian								521
																		525.5