PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of China		South American Land Mammal Ages		Cambrian of North America		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of Kazakhstan			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Lujanian													0.0117
		Chibanian						Lujanian													0.129
		Chibanian						Ensenadan													0.3 *
		Calabrian						Ensenadan													0.774
		Calabrian						Sanandresian	Uquian †												1.7 *
		Gelasian						Sanandresian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Vorohuean													2.58
		Piacenzian						Chapadmalalan													2.9 *
		Zanclean						Chapadmalalan													3.6
								Montehermosan													3.7 *
								Huayquerian													4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
								Chasicoan													7.9 *
								Mayoan													9.9 *
								Laventan													10.9 *
		Serravallian						Laventan													11.63
		Serravallian						Colloncuran													13.7 *
		Langhian						Colloncuran													13.82
		Langhian						Friasian													15.4 *
		Burdigalian						Friasian													15.98
								Santacrucian													16.2 *
								Colhuehuapian													17.4 *
		Aquitanian						Colhuehuapian													20.44
		Aquitanian						Deseadan													20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			23.03
		Rupelian																			27.82
		Rupelian						Tinguirirican													28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian						Tinguirirican													33.9
		Priabonian						Divisaderan													35.9 *
		Bartonian																			37.71
		Lutetian																			41.2
		Lutetian						Mustersan													41.9 *
		Ypresian						Mustersan													47.8
		Ypresian						Casamayoran													47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Riochican													56
								Itaboraian													56.9 *
								Peligran													58.9 *
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
		Danian						Tiupampan													62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																			145
		Kimmeridgian																			149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Pliensbachian																			184.2
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian				Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.9 *
		Roadian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian		Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
		Artinskian		Pavlovoposadian			283.5
		Artinskian		Rusavkinian			287.6 *
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian			303.7
				Khamovnikian			304.8
				Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian		Myachkovian			307
				Podolskian			308.9 *
				Kashirian			311.4 *
				Vereian			313.8
				Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian			315.2
				Cheremshanian			316.9 *
				Prikamian			318.6 *
				Severokeltmian			319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
				Voznesenian			321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian			323.2
				Protvian			324.4 *
				Steshevian			326.8 *
				Tarusian			329 *
		Visean		Venevian			330.9
				Mikhailovian			331.9 *
				Aleksinian			333.7 *
			Tulian	335.8 *
			Bobrikian	339.9 *
			Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Cayugan			419.2
	Pridoli			Niagaran			422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
				Medinan			Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian								Gamachian	445.2
										Richmondian	446 *
					Maysvillian					Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
					Edenian						450.4 *
					Mohawkian				Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian							Chatfieldian		453
						Turinian			453.7 *
					Whiterockian				Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian				Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian				Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean						Ungurian	477.7
						Stairsian							480.3 *
						Skullrockian					Demingian †		482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Skullrockian			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian		Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
					Sunwaptan										Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		487.5
															Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian							Jiangshanian								489.5
												Aksaian					490.7 *
												Sakian					492.2 *
					Steptoean												493 *
															Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian							Paibian								494
		Paibian							Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian							494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †				Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Marjumian	Albertian †		Ayusokkanian	St Davids			497
														Ayusokkanian				Arcadian	498.4
																			499.5
		Drumian							Drumian					Zhanaarykian					500.5
		Drumian							Drumian					Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian				Tuesaian					Topazan	504.5
																			Topazan	505.3
																			Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Duyunian		Waucoban †			Branchian			Caerfai		509
														Toyonian						510 *
														Toyonian					Dyeran	511 *
														Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3								Nangaoian										514
																			Montezuman	514.8 *
														Atdabanian						515.6 *
															Placentian					517.1
																			Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Meishucunian				Tommotian						521
		Stage 2												525.5
		Fortunian												529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian				530.7
																					538.8