PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of China		European Faunal Units	Carboniferous of China				Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America			Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																		Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian																		Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian																		Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Villanyian												Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian						Ruscinian												Late Pliocene	3.1 *
		Zanclean						Ruscinian												Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Turolian												Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian						Turolian									Pannonian				7.246
		Tortonian						Vallesian									Pannonian				8.7
		Serravallian						Astaracian									Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian															Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian						Orleanian												Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian						Agenian													20
		Aquitanian						Agenian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian																		Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian																		Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian																		Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																		Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																		Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian																Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian																Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian																Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian																Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian																Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																Late Albian			100.5
																		Middle Albian			106.2 *
																		Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian																Late Aptian			113
		Aptian																Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian																Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian																Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian																Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian																Late Berriasian			139.8
																		Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
																		Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian																Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian																Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian																Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian																Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian																	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian																Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian																Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian																Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian																Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																Late Toarcian			174.7
																		Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
																		Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian																Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian																Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian																Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																			201.4
		Norian																Sevatian			208.5
																		Alaunian			213.2 *
																		Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian																Tuvalian			227
		Carnian		Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian	315.2
			Huashibanian			318.5 *
			Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian			323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian			330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian			330.9
		Visean	Jiusian			335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju		Porkuni		Bolindian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu		Bolindian	445.2
								Pirgu		Eastonian	449 *
								Vormsi			449.6 *
								Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere				450.6 *
								Oandu		Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila			Idavere †	453
								Haljala				453.9
								Kukruse				456.4 *
								Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		Darriwilian		458.4
								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
								Aseri				460.4 *
						Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
								Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Yapeenian			467.3
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
								Billingen		Castlemainian			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian			470
										Chewtonian	Latorp †		470.1 *
										Bendigonian			471.8 *
				Lancefieldian						473.5 *
								Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian			477.7			Hunneberg
					Varangu			481.3 *
					Pakerort			482.2 *
				Warendian				482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Niuchehean				Taoyuanian †			Datsonian			485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
											Payntonian			486.8 *
		Jiangshanian		Jiangshanian							Iverian			489.5
		Paibian		Paibian							Idamean			494
		Paibian		Paibian				Waergangian †/Youshuanian			Idamean			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †				Guzhangian			Wangcunian †			Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian						Guzhangian						Boomerangian	499
		Drumian						Drumian						Undillan	500.5
		Drumian						Drumian						Floran	503
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian				Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian				Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4									Duyunian				Ordian	509
		Stage 4									Duyunian					510.8 *
		Stage 3									Nangaoian					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Meishucunian								521
		Fortunian	Meishucunian								529
		Fortunian	Jinnigian								530.7
																					538.8