PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of China		Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian of England		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of the Pamirs	Ordovician of China			Central Paratethys Stages	Permian Subages of Germany
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene												0.129
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene												0.774
		Gelasian						Early Pleistocene												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean						Early Pliocene												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene												5.333
		Tortonian						Late Miocene										Pannonian		7.246
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene										Sarmatian		11.63
		Serravallian																Badenian		12.8 *
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene												15.98
		Aquitanian						Early Miocene												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Early Oligocene												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene												33.9
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene												37.71
		Lutetian						Middle Eocene												41.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene												56
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene												59.2
		Danian						Early Paleocene												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian									Epizigzagiceras									168.2
		Bajocian									Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense									168.4
		Aalenian									Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta									174.7
											Planulata									179.3 *
											Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi							179.8 *
											Kanense									181.3 *
											Carlottense									182.3 *
											Kunae									183.5 *
		Pliensbachian									Kunae									184.2
											Freboldi									185.1 *
											Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras								186.2 *
												Tetraspidoceras								189.2 *
											Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis								190.3 *
		Sinemurian																		192.9
											Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras							196.4 *
											Franziceras/Euphyllites									196.5 *
		Hettangian									Franziceras/Euphyllites									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Buntsandstein	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Midian	Leine	264.28
		Wordian			Murgabian	Leine	266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian		273.01
		Kungurian			Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian			Bolorian		283.5
		Artinskian			Yakhtashian		286
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian			Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale				Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian						425.6
		Gorstian					Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian					Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych				Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Telychian						436.3 *
		Aeronian						438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park					439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †				443.8
		Katian						Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †				445.2
		Katian						Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						449.5
		Sandbian						Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo					458.4
		Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian						Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Yiyangian						470
		Tremadocian						Xinchangian						477.7
										Lianghekou †				477.9 *
										Lianghekou †				Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †							Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian						Jiangshanian								Batyrbaian			489.5
																Aksaian			490.7 *
																Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian						Paibian											494
												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian						494.7 *
									Waergangian †/Youshuanian			Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian						494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	Guzhangian		Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian					497
		Guzhangian							Guzhangian			Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian							Drumian			Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †					Wuliuan/Taijangian			Amgan/Solvan					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							Duyunian			Amgan/Solvan					509
												Toyonian	Lenian †				510 *
												Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3							Nangaoian			Botomian					514
		Stage 3							Nangaoian			Atdabanian					515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Meishucunian			Tommotian					521
		Stage 2										Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian											Manykaian †				529
		Fortunian				Jinnigian			530.7				Manykaian †
																				538.8