PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of China		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America			Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian														Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian														Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian														Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian											Pannonian			Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian											Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian											Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian														Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian														Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian														Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian														Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian														Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian														Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian														Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian												Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian												Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian												Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian												Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian												Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												Late Albian			100.5
														Middle Albian			106.2 *
														Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian												Late Aptian			113
		Aptian												Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian												Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian												Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian												Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian												Late Berriasian			139.8
														Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
														Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian												Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian												Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian												Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian												Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian													Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian												Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian												Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian												Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian												Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												Late Toarcian			174.7
														Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
														Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian												Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian												Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian												Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian												Sevatian			208.5
														Alaunian			213.2 *
														Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian												Tuvalian			227
		Carnian												Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												Longobardian			237
		Ladinian												Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian			264.9 *
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian		Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
		Artinskian		Pavlovoposadian			283.5
		Artinskian		Rusavkinian			287.6 *
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian			303.7
			Khamovnikian	304.8
			Krevyakinian	305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian	307
			Podolskian	308.9 *
			Kashirian	311.4 *
			Vereian	313.8
			Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian	315.2
			Cheremshanian	316.9 *
			Prikamian	318.6 *
			Severokeltmian	319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
			Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	323.2
			Protvian	324.4 *
			Steshevian	326.8 *
			Tarusian	329 *
		Visean	Venevian	330.9
			Mikhailovian	331.9 *
			Aleksinian	333.7 *
			Tulian	335.8 *
			Bobrikian	339.9 *
			Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Cayugan			419.2
	Pridoli			Niagaran			422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
				Medinan			Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Bolindian	443.8
		Katian			445.2				Bolindian
					Eastonian				449 *
					Gisbornian	452 *
		Sandbian			Gisbornian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian	458.4
		Dapingian			Yapeenian	467.3
		Dapingian			Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian	470
					Bendigonian	471.8 *
					Lancefieldian	473.5 *
		Tremadocian			Lancefieldian	477.7
		Tremadocian			Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †			Datsonian		485.4
		Stage 10			Niuchehean				Payntonian		486.8 *
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian				Iverian		489.5
		Paibian			Paibian				Idamean		494
		Paibian			Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian			Idamean		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Guzhangian			Wangcunian †		Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian				Guzhangian					Boomerangian	499
		Drumian				Drumian					Undillan	500.5
		Drumian				Drumian					Floran	503
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian			Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian			Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4							Duyunian			Ordian	509
		Stage 4							Duyunian				510.8 *
		Stage 3							Nangaoian				514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Meishucunian				521
		Fortunian							Meishucunian				529
		Fortunian							Jinnigian				530.7
																	538.8