PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of North America						North American Land Mammal Ages		Permian of China	Permian Subages of Germany	Ordovician of Britain				Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										Saintaugustinean								Cenozoic 6	0
		Meghalayan										Santarosean									0.0004
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Late Pleistocene										Rancholabrean									0.014
		Chibanian										Rancholabrean									0.129
		Chibanian										Irvingtonian									0.21
		Calabrian										Irvingtonian									0.774
		Calabrian										Blancan									1.4
		Gelasian																			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
		Zanclean																			3.6
		Zanclean										Hemphillian									4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Tortonian										Clarendonian									9.4
		Serravallian										Clarendonian								Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Serravallian										Barstovian									12.5
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
												Hemingfordian									16.3
												Arikareean									18.5
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		Cenozoic 4	23.03
		Rupelian																			27.82
												Whitneyan									29.5
												Orellan									31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian										Chadronian								Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Priabonian										Duchesnean									37
		Bartonian										Duchesnean									37.71
		Bartonian										Uintan									39.7
		Lutetian										Uintan								Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Lutetian										Bridgerian									46.2
		Ypresian										Bridgerian									47.8
												Wasatchian									50.5
												Clarkforkian									54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Clarkforkian								Cenozoic 1	56
		Thanetian										Tiffanian									56.2
		Selandian										Tiffanian									59.2
		Selandian										Torrejonian									60.9
		Danian										Torrejonian									61.6
		Danian										Puercan									63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian																		Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian																		Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																		Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		Cretaceous 4	100.5
		Aptian																		Cretaceous 3	113
		Barremian																		Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian																		Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian																		Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian																		Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian																		Jurassic 5	149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																		Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian																		Jurassic 4	168.2
		Aalenian																		Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		Jurassic 3	174.7
		Pliensbachian																		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	Buntsandstein	Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan		Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian		Leine	264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian		Permian 3	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian		Permian 2	273.01
		Artinskian			Luodianian			283.5
		Artinskian			Longlinian			285.4 *
		Sakmarian			Longlinian			290.1
		Asselian			Zisongian		Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian		Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Gzhelian						300.1
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					West Fallsian/Sonyean	Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Southwoodian	Cazenovian	Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian							Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian							Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Silurian 2	Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli									Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian								Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian								Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian								Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	430.5							Jaagarahu
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani							431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani						Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian	Adavere							434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere							438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula							439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula							440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru							441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian						Gamachian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian							Gamachian		Rawtheyan		445.2
									Richmondian		Rawtheyan		446 *
											Cautleyan		448.9 *
											Pusgillian		449.3 *
										Caradoc	Streffordian		Onnian †	449.6 *
									Maysvillian					Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Edenian						450.4 *
			Mohawkian						Chatfieldian						451.1 *
											Cheneyan				451.5 *
											Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian										Ordovician 4			453
													Actonian †		453.2 *
									Turinian				Actonian †		453.7 *
													Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
													Longvillian †			455.2 *
											Aurelucian					456.8 *
			Whiterockian											Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
													Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn		Ordovician 3				458.4
		Darriwilian									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn		Ordovician 3				461.3 *
		Dapingian									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn		Ordovician 2				467.3
										Arenig	Fennian						468.4 *
									Rangerian								469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian						Blackhillsian							Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
									Blackhillsian		Whitlandian							471.1 *
				Tulean					473.9 *		Whitlandian
									Moridunian		474.3 *
		Tremadocian				Tremadoc			Migneintian	Ordovician 1	477.7
				Stairsian					Migneintian		480.3 *
				Stairsian					Cressagian		480.8 *
				Skullrockian					Cressagian		Demingian †		482 *
											Demingian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												Cambrian 5		Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10														Niuchehean		487.5
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian			Paibian											494
		Paibian			Paibian											Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †									Cambrian 4		Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian												Cambrian 4		Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Cambrian 3	Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3														Cambrian 2	Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														Cambrian 2	Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian														Cambrian 1	Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian														Cambrian 1	Jinnigian		530.7
																					538.8