PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of North America						Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of North America		Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cambrian Epochs	Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †													Zechstein			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											Capitanian				Rotliegendes			259.51
		Wordian											Wordian							264.28
		Roadian											Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian											Leonardian	Cathedralian						273.01
		Kungurian												Hessian						281.9 *
		Artinskian												Hessian			Autunian			283.5
		Artinskian											Wolfcampian	Lenoxian						286.1 *
		Sakmarian												Lenoxian						290.1
		Asselian												Nealian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										Late Pennsylvanian								298.9
		Kasimovian										Late Pennsylvanian								303.7
		Moscovian										Middle Pennsylvanian								307
		Bashkirian										Early Pennsylvanian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										Late Mississippian								323.2
		Visean										Middle Mississippian								330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Late Famennian	358.9
						Middle Famennian	365.3 *
						Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian				Late Frasnian	372.2
						Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
						Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Srbsko	Late Givetian	382.7
							Middle Givetian	383.7 *
							Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian				Chotec	Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian				Chotec	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian				Pragian	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	410.8
							Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Gamachian	445.2
								Richmondian	446 *
								Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Edenian		450.4 *
							Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian						Chatfieldian		453
								Turinian		453.7 *
							Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian						Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian						Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean				477.7
								Stairsian				480.3 *
								Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Skullrockian				Late Cambrian			Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10														Sunwaptan		487.5
		Jiangshanian														Sunwaptan		489.5
		Jiangshanian														Steptoean		493 *
		Paibian														Steptoean		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian	Marjumian		Albertian †	497
		Drumian		500.5												Marjumian
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †												Topazan			504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †												Delamaran			506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Early Cambrian	Delamaran		Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4														Dyeran			511 *
		Stage 3														Dyeran			514
																Montezuman			514.8 *
																Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																				538.8