PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of North America				Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ten Million Year Bins	Central Paratethys Stages	Silurian of the Baltic	Silurian of North America			South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Cenozoic 6								0
		Northgrippian																					0.0042
		Greenlandian																					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian																			Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian																			Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian																			Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian																			Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian																			Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian																			Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean																			Chapadmalalan		3.6
																					Montehermosan		3.7 *
																					Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																					5.333
		Tortonian														Pannonian							7.246
																					Chasicoan		7.9 *
																					Mayoan		9.9 *
																					Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian													Cenozoic 5	Sarmatian							11.63
																Badenian							12.8 *
																Badenian					Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian																			Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian																			Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian																			Friasian		15.98
																					Santacrucian		16.2 *
																					Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian																			Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian																			Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													Cenozoic 4								23.03
		Rupelian																					27.82
		Rupelian																			Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian													Cenozoic 3						Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian																			Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian																					37.71
		Lutetian													Cenozoic 2								41.2
		Lutetian																			Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian																			Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian																			Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Cenozoic 1						Riochican		56
																					Itaboraian		56.9 *
																					Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian																					59.2
		Danian																					61.6
		Danian																			Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Cretaceous 8								66
		Campanian													Cretaceous 7								72.1
		Santonian													Cretaceous 6								83.6
		Coniacian																					86.3
		Turonian																					89.8
		Cenomanian													Cretaceous 5								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Cretaceous 4								100.5
		Aptian													Cretaceous 3								113
		Barremian													Cretaceous 2								121.4
		Hauterivian													Cretaceous 2								125.77
		Valanginian													Cretaceous 1								132.6
		Berriasian													Cretaceous 1								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													Jurassic 6								145
		Kimmeridgian													Jurassic 5								149.2
		Oxfordian																					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																					161.5
		Bathonian													Jurassic 4								165.3
		Bajocian													Jurassic 4								168.2
		Aalenian													Jurassic 3								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7											Jurassic 3
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian		Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian		Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2		Ohesaare	Cayugan	419.2
						Kaugetuma	Cayugan	421.7 *
						Kaugetuma	Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare		423
		Ludfordian				Paadla		423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula		Lockportian	427.4
		Homerian				Jaagarahu		Lockportian	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian				Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1		Jaani		Ontarian	433.4
		Telychian	Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian				438.5
						Alexandrian			438.7 *
			Raikkula						439.4 *
							Medinan	Clinton	440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru						441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian		Kosovian	Ordovician 5			Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian		Gamachian		Kralodvorian					Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
				Richmondian								Pirgu	446 *
												Vormsi	449.6 *
						Berounian							449.7 *
				Maysvillian									Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Maysvillian								Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
				Edenian								Nabala			450.4 *
				Edenian						Viru		Rakvere			450.6 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian								Rakvere			451.1 *
												Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian					Ordovician 4					Keila		Idavere †	453
				Turinian								Keila			453.7 *
												Haljala			453.9
												Haljala			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
												Kukruse					456.4 *
			Whiterockian									Kukruse	Canadian †				Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
												Uhaku		Aluoja †				457.5 *
											Liben †							458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Ordovician 3											458.4
						Dobrotivian												458.5 *
						Dobrotivian						Lasnamagi						458.9 *
						Oretanian						Lasnamagi						459.7 *
												Aseri						460.4 *
					Sarka †							Aseri				461.7 *
										Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
												Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
												Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian			Klabava †		Ordovician 2											467.3
						Arenigian												468
				Rangerian														469.1 *
				Rangerian								Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian													Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
														Latorp †					470.1 *
												Hunneberg							473.7 *
				Tulean															473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Tulean	Tremadocian		Ordovician 1												477.7
				Stairsian															480.3 *
				Stairsian								Varangu							481.3 *
				Skullrockian								Varangu						Demingian †	482 *
												Pakerort						Demingian †	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Pakerort					Cambrian 5		485.4
																			486.3 *
																			486.5
																			487.5
		Jiangshanian																	489.5
		Paibian																	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian															Series 3 †		Cambrian 4	497
		Guzhangian																		Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian																			500.5
		Wuliuan																	Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																		Branchian	Cambrian 3	509
		Stage 3																		Branchian	Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3																		Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																				521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																			Cambrian 1	529
																							538.8