PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of North America						Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Permian of Western Europe	Permian of the Salt Range
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Chibanian														Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian														Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian														Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian														Waipipian					3
		Zanclean														Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean														Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian													Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian														Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian													Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian														Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian														Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian														Lillburnian					13.82
																Clifdenian					15.1
															Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian														Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian														Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Waitakian					23.03
																Duntroonian					25.2
																Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
															Arnold	Runangan					34.6
																Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian														Kaiatan					37.71
		Bartonian														Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian														Bortonian					41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
																Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian														Heretaungan					47.8
																Mangaorapan					48.9
																Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Teurian					56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Mata	Haumurian					66
		Campanian														Haumurian					72.1
		Santonian														Piripauan					83.6
		Santonian													Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
																Mangaotanean					90.5
																Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian														Arowhanan					93.9
															Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
																Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Motuan					100.5
																Urutawan					103.3
															Taitai	Korangan					108.4
		Aptian														Korangan					113
		Aptian																			117.5
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
		Bajocian				Humphresianum	168.4
		Aalenian			Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	174.7
					Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons		180.1
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		184.2
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		192.9
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
		Induan					251.2
		Induan					Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Kathwai	251.902
								252.4 *
							Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian					Chhidru	Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
							Kalabagh			255 *
							Wargal			256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian								264.28
										265.3 *
							Amb			266.1 *
		Roadian					Amb			266.9
		Roadian								270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian							Autunian	283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian								Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian									305.9
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle								Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle								Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale								Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian										425.6
		Gorstian									Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian									Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych								Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Telychian										436.3 *
		Aeronian										438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian								Kosovian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian		Gamachian								Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	Rawtheyan	445.2
				Richmondian											Rawtheyan	446 *
															Cautleyan	448.9 *
															Pusgillian	449.3 *
													Caradoc		Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
												Berounian					449.7 *
				Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian											449.8 *
				Edenian													450.4 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian													451.1 *
															Cheneyan		451.5 *
															Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian			453
					Actonian †											453.2 *
				Turinian	Actonian †											453.7 *
					Marshbrookian †											Woolstonian †	454.2 *
					Longvillian †												455.2 *
																	Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
															Aurelucian				456.8 *
			Whiterockian			Canadian †													Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian															457.4 *
					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian									Liben †						458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Llanvirn								Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							458.4
												Dobrotivian								458.5 *
												Oretanian								459.7 *
													Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							461.3 *
								Sarka †										461.7 *
		Dapingian						Klabava †										467.3
												Arenigian						468
					Arenig								Fennian					468.4 *
				Rangerian														469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †											Cassinian †	470
				Blackhillsian									Whitlandian						471.1 *
				Tulean									Whitlandian						473.9 *
													Moridunian						474.3 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadocian							Tremadoc	Migneintian						477.7
				Stairsian					480.3 *				Migneintian
				Stairsian					Cressagian				480.8 *
				Skullrockian					Cressagian	Demingian †			482 *
										Demingian †			485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Late Cambrian					485.4
		Stage 10																487.5
		Jiangshanian																489.5
		Paibian																494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †					Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian																	500.5
		Wuliuan																	Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																	Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																		529
																					538.8