PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of North America					Ten Million Year Bins	Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of China		Cenozoic Subepochs	Ordovician of Australia	Silurian of England	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													Late Pleistocene					0.0117
		Chibanian													Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Calabrian													Early Pleistocene					0.774
		Gelasian													Early Pleistocene					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												Late Pliocene					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													Early Pliocene					3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian													Late Miocene					7.246
		Serravallian									Cenozoic 5				Middle Miocene					11.63
		Langhian													Middle Miocene					13.82
		Burdigalian													Early Miocene					15.98
		Aquitanian													Early Miocene					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Cenozoic 4				Late Oligocene					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									Cenozoic 4				Early Oligocene					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									Cenozoic 3				Late Eocene					33.9
		Bartonian									Cenozoic 3				Middle Eocene					37.71
		Lutetian									Cenozoic 2				Middle Eocene					41.2
		Ypresian									Cenozoic 2				Early Eocene					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Cenozoic 1				Late Paleocene					56
		Selandian													Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian													Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Cretaceous 8							Lancian/Edmontonian		66
		Campanian									Cretaceous 7							Judithian/Aquilan		72.1
		Santonian									Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian									Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Cretaceous 4									100.5
		Aptian									Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian									Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian									Cretaceous 2									125.77
		Valanginian									Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian									Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian									Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian									Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian									Jurassic 4									168.2
		Aalenian									Jurassic 3									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Jurassic 3									174.7
		Pliensbachian									Jurassic 2									184.2
		Sinemurian									Jurassic 1									192.9
		Hettangian									Jurassic 1									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian									Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian									Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Triassic 1									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									Triassic 1									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									Permian 4									251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †																254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian									Permian 3									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									Permian 2									273.01
		Artinskian																		283.5
		Sakmarian																		290.1
		Asselian									Permian 1									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Carboniferous 5								Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian			Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian			Xiaodushanian	303.7
					Dalaun	305.8 *
							305.9
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian						315.2
					Huashibanian			318.5 *
					Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3		Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3		Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		Shangsian	330.9
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1		Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2			Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian	Buildwas						426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Buildwas						427.4
		Homerian	Wych					Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1				433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park						439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian		Gamachian				Ordovician 5	Bolindian	443.8
		Katian			Gamachian						445.2
					Richmondian						446 *
					Richmondian					Eastonian	449 *
					Maysvillian						Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
					Edenian							450.4 *
			Mohawkian		Chatfieldian							451.1 *
										Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian							Ordovician 4			453
					Turinian							453.7 *
			Whiterockian								Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Ordovician 3	Darriwilian			458.4
		Dapingian							Ordovician 2	Yapeenian			467.3
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
					Rangerian					Castlemainian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian		Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	Chewtonian	470
													Bendigonian	471.8 *
													Lancefieldian	473.5 *
					Tulean									473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean				Ordovician 1					477.7
					Stairsian									480.3 *
					Skullrockian							Demingian †		482 *
												Demingian †	Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Cambrian 5	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †		485.4
		Stage 10										Niuchehean			487.5
		Jiangshanian										Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian										Paibian			494
		Paibian										Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	Cambrian 4	Guzhangian		Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian										Cambrian 4	Drumian		Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3		Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Cambrian 3		Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3											Cambrian 2		Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Cambrian 2		Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian				Cambrian 1							529		Meishucunian
		Fortunian				Cambrian 1							Jinnigian		530.7
																				538.8