PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of China			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian Epochs	Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Cenozoic 6			Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan												Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.129
														Irvingtonian			0.21
																Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene				0.774
														Blancan			1.4
																Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian											Late Pliocene			Waipipian	3
		Zanclean											Early Pliocene			Waipipian	3.6
																Opoitian	3.7
														Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian															7.246
														Clarendonian			9.4
															Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian									Cenozoic 5		Middle Miocene				11.63
														Barstovian			12.5
																Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian														Lillburnian	13.82
																Clifdenian	15.1
															Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene				15.98
														Hemingfordian			16.3
														Arikareean			18.5
																Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Cenozoic 4		Late Oligocene			Waitakian	23.03
																Duntroonian	25.2
																Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian											Early Oligocene				27.82
														Whitneyan			29.5
														Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian									Cenozoic 3		Late Eocene	Chadronian			33.9
															Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																Kaiatan	36.7
														Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian											Middle Eocene				37.71
																Bortonian	39.1
														Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian									Cenozoic 2						41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																Heretaungan	45.7
														Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian											Early Eocene				47.8
																Mangaorapan	48.9
														Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
														Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
														Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Cenozoic 1		Late Paleocene	Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian											Late Paleocene	Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene	Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene	Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian											Early Paleocene	Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian											Early Paleocene	Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Lancian/Edmontonian	Cretaceous 8			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian		Judithian/Aquilan	Cretaceous 7				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian			Cretaceous 6				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
									Mangaotanean	90.5
									Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian			Cretaceous 5				Arowhanan	93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
									Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Cretaceous 4				Motuan	100.5
									Urutawan	103.3
								Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian			Cretaceous 3				Korangan	113
		Aptian			Cretaceous 3					117.5
		Barremian			Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian			Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian			Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian			Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian			Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian			Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian			Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian			Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian			Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian			Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian			Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Permian 2						273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5						Late Famennian	358.9
											Middle Famennian	365.3 *
											Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian			Devonian 4						Late Frasnian	372.2
											Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
											Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3						Late Givetian	382.7
											Middle Givetian	383.7 *
											Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian									Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Devonian 2	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Devonian 1	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian	410.8
				Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian		Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian			Wufeng †			445.2
		Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						449.5
		Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian		Guniu †/Hulo		Ordovician 3		458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian		Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	Ordovician 3	466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian				Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian				Ordovician 2	470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian				Ungurian	Ordovician 1	477.7
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian			Lianghekou †	Ungurian	Ordovician 1	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Batyrbaian	Cambrian 5	Late Cambrian		485.4
		Jiangshanian					Batyrbaian				489.5
							Aksaian				490.7 *
							Sakian				492.2 *
		Paibian					Sakian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian	Cambrian 4		Middle Cambrian	497
		Guzhangian										499.5
		Drumian						Zhanaarykian				500.5
		Drumian						Tuesaian				503
		Wuliuan						Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3		504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †			505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4									Early Cambrian	509
								Toyonian				510 *
								Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3						Botomian		Cambrian 2		514
		Stage 3						Atdabanian				515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Tommotian				521
		Stage 2										525.5
		Fortunian								Cambrian 1		529
																	538.8