PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of China			Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of Britain			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Silurian of England		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of North America				Cretaceous Subepochs	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																			Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian																											0.0042
		Greenlandian																											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																										Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																										Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian																				Castlecliffian						Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian																				Castlecliffian						Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian																				Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian																				Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian																				Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																			Mangapanian						Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian																				Waipipian						Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean																				Waipipian						Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean																				Opoitian						Early Pliocene	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian																			Taranaki	Kapitean						Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian																				Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian																				Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian																			Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian																				Waiauan						Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian																				Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian																				Lillburnian							13.82
																						Clifdenian							15.1
																					Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian																				Altonian						Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian																				Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian																				Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian																			Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				Waitakian						Late Oligocene	23.03
																						Duntroonian							25.2
																						Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian																										Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																										Late Eocene	33.9
																					Arnold	Runangan							34.6
																						Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian																				Kaiatan						Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian																				Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian																				Bortonian							41.2
																					Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
																						Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian																				Heretaungan						Early Eocene	47.8
																						Mangaorapan							48.9
																						Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian																				Teurian						Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																										Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																										Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			Mata	Haumurian					Senonian		66
		Campanian																				Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian																				Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian																			Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian																											86.3
		Turonian																											89.8
																						Mangaotanean							90.5
																						Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian																				Arowhanan							93.9
																					Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
																						Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																				Motuan					Gallic		100.5
																						Urutawan							103.3
																					Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian																				Korangan							113
		Aptian																											117.5
		Barremian																											121.4
		Hauterivian																									Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																											132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
		Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				168.2
		Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
		Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian						425.6
		Gorstian	Buildwas					426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Buildwas					427.4
		Homerian	Wych				Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Telychian						436.3 *
		Aeronian						438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park					439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian					Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Kosovian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian								Rawtheyan	Kralodvorian		Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
											Rawtheyan			Richmondian		446 *
											Cautleyan					448.9 *
											Pusgillian					449.3 *
			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								Pusgillian					449.5
										Caradoc	Streffordian					Onnian †	449.6 *
												Berounian					449.7 *
														Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
														Edenian				450.4 *
				Mohawkian	Chatfieldian								451.1 *
											Cheneyan		451.5 *
											Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian											453
													Actonian †	453.2 *
					Turinian								Actonian †	453.7 *
													Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †		454.2 *
													Longvillian †			455.2 *
																Zahorany †/Vinice		Letna †	456.2 *
											Aurelucian								456.8 *
				Whiterockian													Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
													Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian							457.4 *
													Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian					Guniu †/Hulo		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn									458.4
												Dobrotivian								458.5 *
												Oretanian								459.7 *
											Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn									461.3 *
															Sarka †					461.7 *
								Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo						Sarka †					466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian												Klabava †					467.3
						Arenigian						468
										Arenig	Fennian	468.4 *
					Rangerian							469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian							Jeffersonian †							Cassinian †	470
					Blackhillsian						Whitlandian									471.1 *
					Tulean						Whitlandian									473.9 *
											Moridunian									474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian			Tremadoc				Migneintian	Tremadocian									477.7
									Lianghekou †											477.9 *
					Stairsian															480.3 *
					Stairsian					Cressagian										480.8 *
					Skullrockian														Demingian †	482 *
																				Mansian †	483.55 *
																				Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Batyrbaian	Tavgian †					Ketyan †/Yurakian						Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10																						487.5
		Jiangshanian																						489.5
											Aksaian													490.7 *
											Sakian													492.2 *
		Paibian																						494
		Paibian															Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian							494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian												Middle Cambrian	497
		Guzhangian										Mayan/Menevian													499.5
		Drumian										Mayan/Menevian													500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †													Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																						Early Cambrian	Amgan/Solvan	509
																	Toyonian								Lenian †	510 *
																	Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3															Botomian									514
		Stage 3															Atdabanian									515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian										521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian										525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian										Manykaian †								529
																													538.8