PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of China			Cambrian of Siberia			Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe				Cambrian Epochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Permian of North America	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Nihewanian				0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Chibanian																		Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian																		Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian																		Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																		Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																		Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Yushean			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian																		Waipipian	3
		Zanclean																		Waipipian	3.6
																				Opoitian	3.7
																	Baodean			Opoitian	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian																	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																		Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																		Tongaporutuan	7.246
																			Southland	Waiauan	11.04
																	Tunggurian				11.1
		Serravallian																			11.63
		Serravallian																		Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian															Shanwangian			Lillburnian	13.82
																				Clifdenian	15.1
																			Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian																			15.98
																	Xiejiaan				16.9
																				Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																		Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																	Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		Waitakian	23.03
																				Duntroonian	25.2
																				Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
																			Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																				Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian																		Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian																		Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian																		Bortonian	41.2
																			Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																				Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian																		Heretaungan	47.8
																				Mangaorapan	48.9
																				Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		Teurian	56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian																		Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian																		Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian																	Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
																				Mangaotanean	90.5
																				Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian																		Arowhanan	93.9
																			Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																				Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		Motuan	100.5
																				Urutawan	103.3
																			Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian																		Korangan	113
		Aptian																			117.5
		Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
		Bajocian				Humphresianum	168.4
		Aalenian			Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	174.7
					Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons		180.1
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		184.2
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		192.9
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Buntsandstein	Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Ohre/Aller	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian						Leine	Wordian	264.28
		Roadian							Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian								Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan								419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran								422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan								Clinton		440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian									Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian										Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang											449.5
		Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang											453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian									Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian									Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian	470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian	Ungurian										477.7
													Lianghekou †	477.9 *
													Lianghekou †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Late Cambrian	Batyrbaian	485.4
		Jiangshanian											Batyrbaian				Batyrbaian	489.5
													Aksaian				Aksaian	490.7 *
													Sakian				Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian				494
		Paibian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian									494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †							Ayusokkanian			Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian											Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian															Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian			Tuesaian												503
		Wuliuan			Tuesaian		Stage 5 †						Amgan/Solvan				504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †										505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4														Early Cambrian	509
					Toyonian								Lenian †	Toyonian			510 *
					Botomian									Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian									Botomian			514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian									Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian									Tommotian			521
		Stage 2			Nemakit-Daldynian												525.5
		Fortunian			Nemakit-Daldynian								Manykaian †				529
																					538.8