PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of China			Devonian of Eastern North America		Silurian of England		Cambrian Epochs	South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian												Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian												Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian												Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian												Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian												Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian												Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean												Chapadmalalan		3.6
														Montehermosan		3.7 *
														Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
														Chasicoan		7.9 *
														Mayoan		9.9 *
														Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian												Laventan		11.63
		Serravallian												Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian												Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian												Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian												Friasian		15.98
														Santacrucian		16.2 *
														Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian												Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian												Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
		Rupelian														27.82
		Rupelian												Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian												Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian												Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Lutetian												Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian												Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian												Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Riochican		56
														Itaboraian		56.9 *
														Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
		Danian												Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian	Cazenovian	Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian					Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian					Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian							Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian							Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian						Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park					439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian					Xiaoxita †/Shikou		Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian							Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								449.5
		Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian					Guniu †/Hulo			458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian					Hunjiang †		Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian								467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian								470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian								477.7
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian							Lianghekou †	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																538.8