PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of China			Permian of the Pamirs	Permian Subages of Germany	Mesozoic Subages		Cambrian of Siberia			Central Paratethys Stages
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian														Pannonian				7.246
		Serravallian														Sarmatian				11.63
		Serravallian														Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Late Albian									100.5
											Middle Albian									106.2 *
											Early Albian									109.9 *
		Aptian									Late Aptian									113
		Aptian									Early Aptian									119.5 *
		Barremian									Late Barremian/Early Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									Late Berriasian									139.8
											Middle Berriasian									140.6 *
											Early Berriasian									142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian								145
		Tithonian									Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian								146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian									Late Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Kimmeridgian									Early Kimmeridgian									152.2 *
		Oxfordian									Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								154.8
		Oxfordian										Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									Late Bajocian									168.2
		Bajocian									Early Bajocian									168.6 *
		Aalenian									Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Late Toarcian									174.7
											Middle Toarcian									180.4 *
											Early Toarcian									182.9 *
		Pliensbachian									Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian									Sevatian									208.5
											Alaunian									213.2 *
											Lacian									216.7 *
		Carnian									Tuvalian									227
		Carnian									Julian									233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Longobardian									237
		Ladinian									Fassanian									239.7 *
		Anisian									Illyrian									242
											Pelsonian									243.8 *
											Bithynian									244.7 *
											Aegean									245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Buntsandstein		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Buntsandstein		Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian		Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Midian		Leine	264.28
		Wordian			Murgabian		Leine	266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian			273.01
		Kungurian			Bolorian			279.8
		Artinskian			Bolorian			283.5
		Artinskian			Yakhtashian			286
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare					419.2
	Pridoli		Kaugetuma					421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare					423
		Ludfordian	Paadla					423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula					427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu					429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu					430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani					431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani					433.4
		Telychian	Adavere					434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere					438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula					439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula					440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru					441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian					Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian								Gamachian	445.2
			Chientangkiangian								Richmondian	446 *
			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								Richmondian	449.5
											Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Edenian		450.4 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian									Chatfieldian		453
											Turinian		453.7 *
										Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian					Guniu †/Hulo						458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian					Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo					466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian											467.3
		Dapingian	Dapingian								Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian	Yiyangian								Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian												477.7
									Lianghekou †						477.9 *
											Stairsian				480.3 *
											Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
														Demingian †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	487.5
						Festiniogian												489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																489.5
				Aksaian								490.7 *
				Sakian								492.2 *
						Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian					494
		Paibian					Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian					494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian							St Davids				497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian											499.5
		Drumian				Mayan/Menevian											500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †											Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Caerfai				Amgan/Solvan	509
					Toyonian		Lenian †										510 *
					Botomian												512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian												514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian												515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian												521
		Stage 2			Nemakit-Daldynian												525.5
		Fortunian			Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †										529
																				538.8