PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian Epochs	Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan							Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.129
									Irvingtonian			0.21
											Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene				0.774
									Blancan			1.4
											Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian									Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian									Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian						Late Pliocene			Waipipian	3
		Zanclean						Early Pliocene			Waipipian	3.6
											Opoitian	3.7
									Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian									Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian										7.246
									Clarendonian			9.4
										Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene				11.63
									Barstovian			12.5
											Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian									Lillburnian	13.82
											Clifdenian	15.1
										Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene				15.98
									Hemingfordian			16.3
									Arikareean			18.5
											Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian									Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian								Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene			Waitakian	23.03
											Duntroonian	25.2
											Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian						Early Oligocene				27.82
									Whitneyan			29.5
									Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene	Chadronian			33.9
										Arnold	Runangan	34.6
											Kaiatan	36.7
									Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene				37.71
											Bortonian	39.1
									Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian										41.2
										Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
											Heretaungan	45.7
									Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene				47.8
											Mangaorapan	48.9
									Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
									Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
									Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene	Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian						Late Paleocene	Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene	Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene	Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian						Early Paleocene	Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian						Early Paleocene	Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Late Famennian	358.9
									Middle Famennian	365.3 *
									Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian							Late Frasnian	372.2
									Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
									Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian							Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	410.8
			Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Bolindian	443.8
		Katian		Bolindian	445.2
				Eastonian	449 *
				Gisbornian	452 *
		Sandbian		Gisbornian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian	458.4
		Dapingian		Yapeenian	467.3
		Dapingian		Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Chewtonian	470
				Bendigonian	471.8 *
				Lancefieldian	473.5 *
		Tremadocian		Lancefieldian	477.7
		Tremadocian		Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						529
												538.8