PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Australia	Permian of North America		Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian of England		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cretaceous Subepochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Senonian	66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Gallic	100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian													Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian												Vokhmian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan												Vokhmian		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †										Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian							Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian					Wordian							Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		264.28
		Roadian					Roadian							Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Leonardian	Cathedralian								273.01
		Kungurian						Hessian								281.9 *
		Artinskian						Hessian								283.5
		Artinskian					Wolfcampian	Lenoxian								286.1 *
		Sakmarian						Lenoxian								290.1
		Asselian						Nealian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian														298.9
		Kasimovian														303.7
		Moscovian														307
		Bashkirian														315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian														323.2
		Visean														330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian	Cazenovian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian			393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian								Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian								Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian							Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
		Aeronian							Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
		Rhuddanian							Cowleigh Park	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Bolindian		443.8
		Katian							Bolindian		445.2
									Eastonian		449 *
									Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian							Gisbornian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Darriwilian		458.4
		Dapingian							Yapeenian		467.3
		Dapingian							Castlemainian		468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Chewtonian		470
									Bendigonian		471.8 *
									Lancefieldian		473.5 *
		Tremadocian							Lancefieldian		477.7
		Tremadocian							Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	497
		Guzhangian										Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Branchian	509
		Stage 3										Branchian	514
		Stage 3										Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																538.8