PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Australia	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Cambrian of North America		Devonian of Germany	Permian of Western Europe	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Lancian/Edmontonian									66
		Campanian					Judithian/Aquilan									72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian										Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites				168.2
		Bajocian											Humphresianum			168.4
		Aalenian										Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense			174.7
												Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons				180.1
												Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum				182
		Pliensbachian										Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni				184.2
		Sinemurian										Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				192.9
		Hettangian										Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †							Zechstein				Buntsandstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Rotliegendes				Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian													Leine	264.28
		Roadian														266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian														273.01
		Artinskian									Autunian					283.5
		Sakmarian														290.1
		Asselian														293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
		Kasimovian												Late Pennsylvanian		303.7
		Moscovian												Middle Pennsylvanian		307
		Bashkirian												Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian												Late Mississippian		323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Adorf			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			Siegen			407.6
		Lochkovian			Gedinnine			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian					443.8
		Katian	Bolindian					445.2
			Eastonian				449 *
			Gisbornian				452 *
		Sandbian	Gisbornian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian				458.4
		Dapingian	Yapeenian				467.3
		Dapingian	Castlemainian				468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian				470
			Bendigonian				471.8 *
			Lancefieldian				473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Lancefieldian				477.7
		Tremadocian	Warendian				482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10						Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian						Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4						Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3						Dyeran		514
								Montezuman		514.8 *
								Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
																538.8