PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Cenozoic Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Permian of the Salt Range	Cambrian of North America		Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of Western Europe
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene								0.129
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene								0.774
		Gelasian								Early Pleistocene								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Late Pliocene								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								Early Pliocene								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene								5.333
		Tortonian								Late Miocene								7.246
		Serravallian								Middle Miocene								11.63
		Langhian								Middle Miocene								13.82
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene								15.98
		Aquitanian								Early Miocene								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Late Oligocene								23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Early Oligocene								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Late Eocene								33.9
		Bartonian								Middle Eocene								37.71
		Lutetian								Middle Eocene								41.2
		Ypresian								Early Eocene								47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Late Paleocene								56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene								59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian									Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites							168.2
		Bajocian										Humphresianum						168.4
		Aalenian									Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense						174.7
											Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons							180.1
											Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum							182
		Pliensbachian									Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni							184.2
		Sinemurian									Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi							192.9
		Hettangian									Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
		Induan																251.2
		Induan											Kathwai					251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											Kathwai			Buntsandstein		251.902
																		252.4 *
													Chhidru					252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †									Chhidru				Zechstein	254.14
													Kalabagh					255 *
													Wargal					256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian														Ohre/Aller	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian														Leine		264.28
																		265.3 *
					Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb		266.9
		Roadian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					Autunian	283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian					443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian					Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian	Berounian						449.7 *
		Sandbian							453
									Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †			456.2 *
								Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
			Dobrotivian										458.5 *
			Oretanian										459.7 *
								Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian						Klabava †					467.3
		Dapingian	Arenigian										468
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Arenigian										470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Tremadocian									477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10											Niuchehean		Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian											Jiangshanian		Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian											Jiangshanian		Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian									Paibian		494
		Paibian									Paibian		Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian										Marjumian		Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Topazan		Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Delamaran		Wuliuan/Taijangian		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Delamaran	Waucoban †	Duyunian		509
		Stage 4										Dyeran		Duyunian		511 *
		Stage 3										Dyeran		Nangaoian		514
												Montezuman				514.8 *
												Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian												Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian												Jinnigian		530.7
																		538.8