PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Carboniferous of China	Ordovician of North America						European Faunal Zones	Cretaceous Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Permian of Western Europe	Permian Subages of Germany
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Gelasian															MN 17						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														MN 16						2.58
		Piacenzian															MN 15						3.2
		Zanclean															MN 15						3.6
																	MN 14						4.2
																	MN 13						4.9
	Miocene	Messinian															MN 13						5.333
		Tortonian															MN 12						7.246
																	MN 11						7.75
																	MN 10						8.7
																	MN 9						9.7
																	MN 7 + 8						11.1
		Serravallian															MN 7 + 8						11.63
		Serravallian															MN 6						12.8 *
		Langhian															MN 5						13.82
		Burdigalian															MN 4						15.98
																	MN 3						16.9
																	MN 2						20
		Aquitanian															MN 2						20.44
		Aquitanian															MN 1						22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																					33.9
		Bartonian																					37.71
		Lutetian																					41.2
		Ypresian																					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																					56
		Selandian																					59.2
		Danian																					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Senonian					66
		Campanian																					72.1
		Santonian																					83.6
		Coniacian																					86.3
		Turonian																					89.8
		Cenomanian																					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																Gallic					100.5
		Aptian																					113
		Barremian																					121.4
		Hauterivian																Neocomian					125.77
		Valanginian																					132.6
		Berriasian																					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																					145
		Kimmeridgian																					149.2
		Oxfordian																					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																					161.5
		Bathonian																					165.3
		Bajocian																	Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites				168.2
		Bajocian																		Humphresianum			168.4
		Aalenian																	Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense			174.7
																			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons				180.1
																			Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum				182
		Pliensbachian																	Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni				184.2
		Sinemurian																	Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				192.9
		Hettangian																	Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																					201.4
		Norian																					208.5
		Carnian																					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																				Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †																	Zechstein	Buntsandstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Rotliegendes	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian				Leine	264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian			Autunian		283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian						Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian						Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian						Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian		307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
								Huashibanian	318.5 *
								Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Dewunian	Late Mississippian	323.2
		Serpukhovian					Shangsian	Late Mississippian	330.8 *
		Visean					Shangsian	Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Visean					Jiusian	Middle Mississippian	335 *
		Tournaisian					Tangbagouan	Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian						Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian							Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
			Kralodvorian							Richmondian		446 *
			Berounian							Richmondian		449.7 *
										Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
										Edenian			450.4 *
									Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian								Chatfieldian			453
										Turinian			453.7 *
										Turinian			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
									Whiterockian			Canadian †	Zahorany †/Vinice		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
											Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
			Dobrotivian													458.5 *
			Oretanian													459.7 *
											Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian									Klabava †					467.3
			Arenigian													468
										Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian								Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian							Tulean							477.7
										Stairsian							480.3 *
										Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Skullrockian							485.4
		Stage 10															487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
		Paibian															494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian															Series 3 †	497
		Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †														504.5
																							509