PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian of the Salt Range	Devonian of France	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene											0.129
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene											0.774
		Gelasian											Early Pleistocene											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											Early Pliocene											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene											5.333
		Tortonian											Late Miocene											7.246
		Serravallian											Middle Miocene											11.63
		Langhian											Middle Miocene											13.82
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene											15.98
		Aquitanian											Early Miocene											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											Late Oligocene											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											Early Oligocene											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											Late Eocene											33.9
		Bartonian											Middle Eocene											37.71
		Lutetian											Middle Eocene											41.2
		Ypresian											Early Eocene											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Late Paleocene											56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene											59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																						66
		Campanian																						72.1
		Santonian																						83.6
		Coniacian																						86.3
		Turonian																						89.8
		Cenomanian																						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																						100.5
		Aptian																						113
		Barremian																						121.4
		Hauterivian																						125.77
		Valanginian																						132.6
		Berriasian																						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																						145
		Kimmeridgian																						149.2
		Oxfordian																						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																						161.5
		Bathonian																						165.3
		Bajocian								Epizigzagiceras														168.2
		Bajocian								Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense														168.4
		Aalenian								Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta														174.7
										Planulata														179.3 *
										Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi												179.8 *
										Kanense														181.3 *
										Carlottense														182.3 *
										Kunae														183.5 *
		Pliensbachian								Kunae														184.2
										Freboldi														185.1 *
										Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras													186.2 *
											Tetraspidoceras													189.2 *
										Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis													190.3 *
		Sinemurian																						192.9
										Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras												196.4 *
										Franziceras/Euphyllites														196.5 *
		Hettangian								Franziceras/Euphyllites														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																						201.4
		Norian																						208.5
		Carnian																						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																						247.2
		Induan																						251.2
		Induan												Kathwai										251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902										Kathwai
					252.4 *
				Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Chhidru	Longtanian †	254.14
				Kalabagh		255 *
				Wargal		256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian				Wordian	264.28
							265.3 *
				Amb			266.1 *
		Roadian		Amb		Roadian	266.9
		Roadian				Roadian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian					Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian				Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian					Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien					408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli							Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Ontarian				433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
								Medinan	Clinton					440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian							443.8
		Katian						Kralodvorian							Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian						Berounian								449.7 *
		Sandbian														453
																Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
															Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian																458.4
								Dobrotivian										458.5 *
								Oretanian										459.7 *
											Sarka †						461.7 *
		Dapingian									Klabava †						467.3
		Dapingian						Arenigian		468
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Arenigian		470
		Tremadocian						Tremadocian			477.7
		Tremadocian						Tremadocian			Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
												Dolgellian/Trempealeauan									Sunwaptan	487.5
												Festiniogian										489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																				489.5
																		Aksaian				490.7 *
																		Sakian				492.2 *
																					Steptoean	493 *
												Maentwrogian										493.1 *
		Paibian																				494
		Paibian																		Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †						St Davids						Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian																	Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian																	Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †		Topazan			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †		Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Caerfai						Waucoban †	509
																		Toyonian		Lenian †		510 *
																		Toyonian	Dyeran			511 *
																		Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3																				514
																			Montezuman			514.8 *
																		Atdabanian	Montezuman			515.6 *
						Begadean	519.9 *											Atdabanian
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian											521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian											Manykaian †	529
																								538.8