PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian of the Salt Range	Devonian of France	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene												0.129
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene												0.774
		Gelasian										Early Pleistocene												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										Early Pliocene												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene												5.333
		Tortonian										Late Miocene												7.246
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene												11.63
		Langhian										Middle Miocene												13.82
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene												15.98
		Aquitanian										Early Miocene												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Early Oligocene												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene												33.9
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene												37.71
		Lutetian										Middle Eocene												41.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene												56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene												59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																						66
		Campanian																						72.1
		Santonian																						83.6
		Coniacian																						86.3
		Turonian																						89.8
		Cenomanian																						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																						100.5
		Aptian																						113
		Barremian																						121.4
		Hauterivian																						125.77
		Valanginian																						132.6
		Berriasian																						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																						145
		Kimmeridgian																						149.2
		Oxfordian																						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																						161.5
		Bathonian																						165.3
		Bajocian								Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites														168.2
		Bajocian									Humphresianum													168.4
		Aalenian								Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense													174.7
										Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons														180.1
										Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum														182
		Pliensbachian								Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni														184.2
		Sinemurian								Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi														192.9
		Hettangian								Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																						201.4
		Norian																						208.5
		Carnian																						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																						247.2
		Induan																						251.2
		Induan											Kathwai											251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											Kathwai											251.902
																								252.4 *
													Chhidru											252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †									Chhidru											254.14
													Kalabagh											255 *
													Wargal											256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																				Capitanian		259.51
		Wordian																				Wordian		264.28
																								265.3 *
					Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb	Roadian	266.9
		Roadian				Roadian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian					Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian					Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian				Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian					Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien					408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli							Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Ontarian			433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
								Medinan	Clinton				440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian						443.8
		Katian						Kralodvorian						Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian						Berounian							449.7 *
		Sandbian													453
															Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
														Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
								Dobrotivian			458.5 *
								Oretanian			459.7 *
											Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian									Klabava †					467.3
		Dapingian						Arenigian		468
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Arenigian		470
		Tremadocian						Tremadocian			477.7
		Tremadocian						Tremadocian			Mansian †					483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Merioneth					Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
																Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					Sunwaptan	487.5
																Festiniogian						489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																				489.5
																		Aksaian				490.7 *
																		Sakian				492.2 *
																					Steptoean	493 *
																Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian																				494
		Paibian																		Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †							St Davids						Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian																	Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian																	Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †		Topazan			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †		Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Caerfai						Waucoban †	509
																		Toyonian		Lenian †		510 *
																		Toyonian	Dyeran			511 *
																		Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3																				514
																			Montezuman			514.8 *
																		Atdabanian	Montezuman			515.6 *
						Begadean	519.9 *											Atdabanian
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian											521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian											Manykaian †	529
																								538.8