PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of the Baltic				Central Paratethys Stages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe	Permian of North America		Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran								0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Chibanian										Castlecliffian								0.34
		Calabrian										Castlecliffian								0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan								1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan								1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian								2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian								2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian								3
		Zanclean										Waipipian								3.6
		Zanclean										Opoitian								3.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean								5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan								7.2
		Tortonian								Pannonian		Tongaporutuan								7.246
		Tortonian								Pannonian	Southland	Waiauan								11.04
		Serravallian								Sarmatian										11.63
										Badenian										12.8 *
										Badenian		Lillburnian								13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian								13.82
												Clifdenian								15.1
											Pareora	Altonian								15.9
		Burdigalian										Altonian								15.98
		Burdigalian										Otaian								18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian								20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian								21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian								23.03
												Duntroonian								25.2
												Whaingaroan								27.3
		Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
											Arnold	Runangan								34.6
												Kaiatan								36.7
		Bartonian										Kaiatan								37.71
		Bartonian										Bortonian								39.1
		Lutetian										Bortonian								41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan								42.6
												Heretaungan								45.7
		Ypresian										Heretaungan								47.8
												Mangaorapan								48.9
												Waipawan								52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian								56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian								66
		Campanian										Haumurian								72.1
		Santonian										Piripauan								83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan								86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
												Mangaotanean								90.5
												Arowhanan								93.7
		Cenomanian										Arowhanan								93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian								95.2
												Motuan								99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Motuan								100.5
												Urutawan								103.3
											Taitai	Korangan								108.4
		Aptian										Korangan								113
		Aptian																		117.5
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
		Bajocian				Humphresianum	168.4
		Aalenian			Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	174.7
					Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons		180.1
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		184.2
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		192.9
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian						Wordian	264.28
		Roadian						Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian							Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian						Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian							Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian							Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan							419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran							422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian		438.7 *
			Medinan							Clinton			440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju								Porkuni			443.8
		Katian									Pirgu	445.2
											Vormsi	449.6 *
											Nabala	Johvi †		450 *
			Viru								Rakvere			450.6 *
											Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian		Keila							Idavere †	453
				Haljala								453.9
				Kukruse								456.4 *
				Uhaku							Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku								458.4
				Lasnamagi								458.9 *
				Aseri								460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda								462.9 *
				Kunda							Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
				Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka						467.1 *
		Dapingian		Volkhov								467.3
		Dapingian		Billingen								469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
						Latorp †						470.1 *
				Hunneberg	473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Hunneberg	477.7
				Varangu	481.3 *
				Pakerort	482.2 *
					Mansian †							483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Merioneth						Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
																		486.3 *
																		486.5
																		Sunwaptan	487.5
							Festiniogian					489.2 *
		Jiangshanian										489.5
												Aksaian			490.7 *
												Sakian			492.2 *
															Steptoean			493 *
							Maentwrogian											493.1 *
		Paibian																494
		Paibian															Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †	St Davids							Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian						Mayan/Menevian	499.5
		Drumian						Mayan/Menevian	500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †	Topazan					Amgan/Solvan		504.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †	Delamaran							506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Caerfai							Waucoban †	509
														Toyonian		Lenian †	510 *
									Dyeran					Toyonian			511 *
														Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3															514
									Montezuman								514.8 *
									Montezuman					Atdabanian			515.6 *
									Begadean					Atdabanian			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Tommotian			521
		Stage 2												Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian												Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †	529
																				538.8