PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of the Baltic				Cambrian Epochs	Devonian of France	Cambrian of Siberia			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	South American Land Mammal Ages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													Nihewanian	Lujanian		Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian														Lujanian		Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian														Ensenadan		Middle Pleistocene	0.3 *
		Calabrian														Ensenadan		Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian														Sanandresian	Uquian †		1.7 *
		Gelasian														Sanandresian			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												Yushean	Vorohuean		Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian														Chapadmalalan		Late Pliocene	2.9 *
		Zanclean														Chapadmalalan		Early Pliocene	3.6
																Montehermosan			3.7 *
															Baodean	Huayquerian			4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
																Chasicoan			7.9 *
																Mayoan			9.9 *
																Laventan			10.9 *
															Tunggurian				11.1
		Serravallian																Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian														Colloncuran			13.7 *
		Langhian													Shanwangian	Colloncuran			13.82
		Langhian														Friasian			15.4 *
		Burdigalian														Friasian		Early Miocene	15.98
																Santacrucian			16.2 *
															Xiejiaan	Santacrucian			16.9
																Colhuehuapian			17.4 *
		Aquitanian														Colhuehuapian			20.44
		Aquitanian														Deseadan			20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																Late Oligocene	23.03
		Rupelian																Early Oligocene	27.82
		Rupelian														Tinguirirican		Early Oligocene	28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian														Tinguirirican		Late Eocene	33.9
		Priabonian														Divisaderan		Late Eocene	35.9 *
		Bartonian																Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Lutetian														Mustersan			41.9 *
		Ypresian														Mustersan		Early Eocene	47.8
		Ypresian														Casamayoran		Early Eocene	47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Riochican		Late Paleocene	56
																Itaboraian			56.9 *
																Peligran			58.9 *
		Selandian																Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																Early Paleocene	61.6
		Danian														Tiupampan		Early Paleocene	62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Pragian			Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian			Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Pirgu	445.2
			Vormsi				449.6 *
			Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
			Viru			Rakvere		450.6 *
						Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †	453
						Haljala		453.9
						Kukruse		456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku		458.4
						Lasnamagi		458.9 *
						Aseri		460.4 *
			Oeland			Kunda		462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
							Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg			477.7
						Varangu			481.3 *
						Pakerort			482.2 *
									Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Late Cambrian	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
										Aksaian			490.7 *
										Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian											494
		Paibian										Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian		Mayan/Menevian							500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Amgan/Solvan			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian	Amgan/Solvan			509
											Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
											Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian			514
		Stage 3									Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian			521
		Stage 2									Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian									Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †		529
																			538.8