PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of the Baltic				Cambrian of West Avalonia	Permian Subages of Germany	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Siberia		Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian												Middle Pleistocene							0.129
		Calabrian												Early Pleistocene							0.774
		Gelasian												Early Pleistocene							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Late Pliocene							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												Early Pliocene							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												Late Miocene							5.333
		Tortonian												Late Miocene							7.246
		Serravallian												Middle Miocene							11.63
		Langhian												Middle Miocene							13.82
		Burdigalian												Early Miocene							15.98
		Aquitanian												Early Miocene							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Late Oligocene							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												Early Oligocene							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												Late Eocene							33.9
		Bartonian												Middle Eocene							37.71
		Lutetian												Middle Eocene							41.2
		Ypresian												Early Eocene							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Late Paleocene							56
		Selandian												Middle Paleocene							59.2
		Danian												Early Paleocene							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		Senonian	66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		Gallic	100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																		Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Oteke	Puaroan								145
		Kimmeridgian										Oteke	Puaroan								149.2
												Kawhia	Ohauan								150
													Heterian								154.5
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Callovian											Temaikan								164.3
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Toarcian										Herangi	Ururoan								176
		Pliensbachian											Ururoan								184.2
		Pliensbachian											Aratauran								188.9
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										Balfour	Otapirian								201.4
		Norian											Warepan								208.5
													Otamitan								217
													Oretian								221
		Carnian											Oretian								227
		Carnian										Gore	Kaihikuan								227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											Kaihikuan								237
		Ladinian											Etalian								238
		Anisian											Etalian								242
		Anisian											Malakovian								246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											Malakovian		Vokhmian						247.2
		Olenekian											Nelsonian								249
		Induan											Nelsonian								251.2
		Induan										DUrville	Makarewan								251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									Buntsandstein		Makarewan								251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Leine		Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian					Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian					Mangapirian		283.5
							Telfordian		285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju						Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu		Rawtheyan	445.2
											Cautleyan	448.9 *
											Pusgillian	449.3 *
									Vormsi	Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
			Viru						Rakvere					450.6 *
									Rakvere		Cheneyan			451.5 *
									Oandu		Cheneyan			452 *
									Oandu		Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian							Keila				Idavere †	453
									Keila			Actonian †		453.2 *
									Haljala			Actonian †		453.9
												Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
												Longvillian †			455.2 *
									Kukruse						456.4 *
											Aurelucian				456.8 *
												Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
									Uhaku			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Uhaku	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn				458.4
									Lasnamagi						458.9 *
									Aseri						460.4 *
									Aseri		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				461.3 *
			Oeland						Kunda						462.9 *
									Kunda				Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
									Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian														467.3
										Arenig	Fennian					468.4 *
									Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian														470
													Latorp †			470.1 *
				Whitlandian							471.1 *
				Whitlandian					Hunneberg		473.7 *
				Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc	Migneintian					477.7
					Cressagian			480.8 *
								Varangu	481.3 *
								Pakerort	482.2 *
									Mansian †	483.55 *
						485 *			Mansian †
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Niuchehean		Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †		Ketyan †/Yurakian			485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
		Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian									489.5
										Aksaian						490.7 *
										Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian					Paibian									494
													Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
									Waergangian †/Youshuanian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †		Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian						497
											Ayusokkanian						Arcadian	498.4
											Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian							Drumian		Mayan/Menevian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian								Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Branchian							Duyunian	Amgan/Solvan	509
													Toyonian					Lenian †	510 *
													Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3											Botomian				Nangaoian		514
													Atdabanian						515.6 *
										Placentian			Atdabanian						517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Meishucunian				Tommotian		521
		Stage 2															Nemakit-Daldynian		525.5
		Fortunian																Manykaian †	529
		Fortunian											Jinnigian					Manykaian †	530.7
																					538.8