PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of the Baltic				Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America			Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian															Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian															Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian												Pannonian			Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian												Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian												Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian															Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian															Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian															Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian															Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian															Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian															Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian															Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian															Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian															Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian													Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian													Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian													Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian													Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian													Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Late Albian			100.5
															Middle Albian			106.2 *
															Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian													Late Aptian			113
		Aptian													Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian													Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian													Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian													Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian													Late Berriasian			139.8
															Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
															Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian													Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian													Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian													Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian													Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian														Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian													Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian													Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian													Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian													Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													Late Toarcian			174.7
															Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
															Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian													Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian													Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian													Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian													Sevatian			208.5
															Alaunian			213.2 *
															Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian													Tuvalian			227
		Carnian													Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													Longobardian			237
		Ladinian													Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian				Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian				Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian				Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian				Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian	315.2			Atokan
		Bashkirian	Morrowan			318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian			323.2
		Visean	Chesterian			330.9
			Meramecian			335.8 *
			Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Osagean			346.7
		Tournaisian	Kinderhookian			351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju		Porkuni		Bolindian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu		Bolindian	445.2
								Pirgu		Eastonian	449 *
								Vormsi			449.6 *
								Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere				450.6 *
								Oandu		Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila			Idavere †	453
								Haljala				453.9
								Kukruse				456.4 *
								Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		Darriwilian		458.4
								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
								Aseri				460.4 *
						Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
								Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Yapeenian			467.3
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
								Billingen		Castlemainian			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian			470
										Chewtonian	Latorp †		470.1 *
										Bendigonian			471.8 *
				Lancefieldian						473.5 *
								Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian			477.7			Hunneberg
					Varangu			481.3 *
					Pakerort			482.2 *
				Warendian				482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Datsonian			485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
								Payntonian			486.8 *
		Jiangshanian						Iverian			489.5
		Paibian						Idamean			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †			Mindyallan		497
		Guzhangian									Boomerangian		499
		Drumian									Undillan		500.5
		Drumian									Floran		503
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †		Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †		Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4											Ordian	509
																		510.8 *