PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian of Western Europe	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Silurian of North America			Devonian of Eastern North America		Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran						Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	0.0117
		Chibanian																	0.129
		Chibanian										Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian										Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian							2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian							3
		Zanclean										Waipipian							3.6
		Zanclean										Opoitian							3.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian										Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian									Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian										Waiauan						Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Serravallian										Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian							13.82
												Clifdenian							15.1
											Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian										Altonian							15.98
		Burdigalian										Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian						Cenozoic 4	23.03
												Duntroonian							25.2
												Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																Cenozoic 3	33.9
											Arnold	Runangan							34.6
												Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian										Kaiatan							37.71
		Bartonian										Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian										Bortonian						Cenozoic 2	41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
												Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian										Heretaungan							47.8
												Mangaorapan							48.9
												Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian						Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian						Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian										Haumurian						Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian										Piripauan						Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
												Mangaotanean							90.5
												Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian										Arowhanan						Cretaceous 5	93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
												Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Motuan						Cretaceous 4	100.5
												Urutawan							103.3
											Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian										Korangan						Cretaceous 3	113
		Aptian																Cretaceous 3	117.5
		Barremian																Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian																Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian																Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian		139.8														Cretaceous 1
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5	149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian				Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
		Bajocian					Humphresianum	168.4
		Aalenian			Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense		174.7
					Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons			180.1
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum			182
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian					Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian					Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Permian 4	Melekhovian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Wordian						Noginskian			264.9 *
		Roadian					Permian 3				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Permian 2				273.01
		Kungurian						Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
		Artinskian						Pavlovoposadian		Autunian	283.5
		Artinskian						Rusavkinian			287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian					Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian						Dorogomilovian			303.7
								Khamovnikian			304.8
								Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4		Myachkovian	307
										Podolskian	308.9 *
										Kashirian	311.4 *
										Vereian	313.8
										Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian								Melekessian	315.2
										Cheremshanian	316.9 *
			Prikamian							318.6 *
			Severokeltmian							319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian							321.2 *
			Voznesenian							321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					Zapaltjubian		323.2
								Protvian		324.4 *
								Steshevian		326.8 *
								Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					Venevian		330.9
								Mikhailovian		331.9 *
								Aleksinian		333.7 *
								Tulian		335.8 *
								Bobrikian		339.9 *
								Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					Kosvian		346.7
								Kizelian		350.7 *
								Cherepetian		351.9 *
								Karakubian		354.4 *
								Upinian		356.3 *
								Malevkian		357.6 *
				Gumerovian				358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	Devonian 5						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean	Devonian 4						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian						Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Southwoodian	Cazenovian						Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian						Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian								Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian								Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Cayugan							Ohesaare	Silurian 2	419.2
				Cayugan		Kaugetuma					421.7 *
				Niagaran		Kaugetuma					422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare					423
		Ludfordian				Paadla					423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Lockportian	Rootsikula					427.4
		Homerian			Lockportian	Jaagarahu					429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian				Jaagarahu					430.5
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani					431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian			Ontarian	Jaani					Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian				Adavere						434 *
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Raikkula							439.4 *
				Medinan	Clinton				440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
		Rhuddanian				Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju		Porkuni							Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian				Pirgu								445.2
						Vormsi								449.6 *
						Nabala								Johvi †	450 *
				Viru		Rakvere									450.6 *
						Oandu									452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †						Ordovician 4	453
						Haljala								453.9
						Kukruse								456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †							457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku							Ordovician 3	458.4
						Lasnamagi								458.9 *
						Aseri								460.4 *
				Oeland		Kunda								462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum							464.3 *
						Volkhov								Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov							Ordovician 2		467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen									469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian													470
							Latorp †								470.1 *
						Hunneberg									473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg							Ordovician 1		477.7
						Varangu									481.3 *
						Pakerort									482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort							Cambrian 5		485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †		Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian													Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan													Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3														Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														Cambrian 1	529
																			538.8