PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Britain				Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan								Wanganui	Haweran												0
		Northgrippian																					0.0042
		Greenlandian																					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Chibanian									Castlecliffian		Middle Pleistocene										0.34
		Calabrian									Castlecliffian		Early Pleistocene										0.774
		Calabrian									Nukumaruan												1.63
		Gelasian									Nukumaruan												1.8
		Gelasian									Mangapanian												2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Mangapanian		Late Pliocene										2.58
		Piacenzian									Waipipian		Late Pliocene										3
		Zanclean									Waipipian		Early Pliocene										3.6
		Zanclean									Opoitian		Early Pliocene										3.7
	Miocene	Messinian								Taranaki	Kapitean		Late Miocene										5.333
		Messinian									Tongaporutuan												7.2
		Tortonian									Tongaporutuan												7.246
		Tortonian								Southland	Waiauan												11.04
		Serravallian									Waiauan		Middle Miocene										11.63
		Serravallian									Lillburnian												13.05
		Langhian									Lillburnian												13.82
											Clifdenian												15.1
										Pareora	Altonian												15.9
		Burdigalian									Altonian		Early Miocene										15.98
		Burdigalian									Otaian												18.7
		Aquitanian									Otaian												20.44
		Aquitanian								Landon	Waitakian												21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Waitakian		Late Oligocene										23.03
											Duntroonian												25.2
											Whaingaroan												27.3
		Rupelian											Early Oligocene										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											Late Eocene										33.9
										Arnold	Runangan												34.6
											Kaiatan												36.7
		Bartonian									Kaiatan		Middle Eocene										37.71
		Bartonian									Bortonian												39.1
		Lutetian									Bortonian												41.2
										Dannevirke	Porangan												42.6
											Heretaungan												45.7
		Ypresian									Heretaungan		Early Eocene										47.8
											Mangaorapan												48.9
											Waipawan												52
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Teurian		Late Paleocene										56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Mata	Haumurian												66
		Campanian									Haumurian												72.1
		Santonian									Piripauan												83.6
		Santonian								Raukumara	Teratan												86.1
		Coniacian																					86.3
		Turonian																					89.8
											Mangaotanean												90.5
											Arowhanan												93.7
		Cenomanian									Arowhanan												93.9
										Clarence	Ngaterian												95.2
											Motuan												99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Motuan												100.5
											Urutawan												103.3
										Taitai	Korangan												108.4
		Aptian									Korangan												113
		Aptian																					117.5
		Barremian																					121.4
		Hauterivian																					125.77
		Valanginian																					132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian	358.9
							Middle Famennian	365.3 *
							Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian	372.2
							Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
							Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian	382.7
							Middle Givetian	383.7 *
							Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian					Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian					Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian					Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani	433.4
		Telychian					Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian					Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian		Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian		Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian		Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ashgill			Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian					Rawtheyan		Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
							Rawtheyan					Richmondian	446 *
							Cautleyan						448.9 *
							Pusgillian						449.3 *
				Caradoc			Streffordian		Onnian †				Vormsi	449.6 *
												Maysvillian	Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Maysvillian	Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
												Edenian	Nabala			450.4 *
								Viru				Edenian	Rakvere			450.6 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
							Cheneyan									451.5 *
							Cheneyan						Oandu			452 *
							Burrellian						Oandu			452.7 *
		Sandbian											Keila		Idavere †	453
									Actonian †							453.2 *
												Turinian				453.7 *
					Haljala								453.9
									Marshbrookian †				Woolstonian †			454.2 *
									Longvillian †							455.2 *
					Kukruse											456.4 *
							Aurelucian									456.8 *
											Whiterockian			Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian								457.4 *
					Uhaku				Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn	Uhaku		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn										458.4
					Lasnamagi	458.9 *
					Aseri	460.4 *
					Aseri	Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn	461.3 *
					Oeland		Kunda	462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum							464.3 *
							Volkhov								Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian															467.3
				Arenig		Fennian											468.4 *
												Rangerian					469.1 *
							Billingen					Rangerian					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
								Latorp †										470.1 *
						Whitlandian												471.1 *
							Hunneberg											473.7 *
												Tulean						473.9 *
						Moridunian												474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc		Migneintian												477.7
						Migneintian						Stairsian						480.3 *
						Cressagian												480.8 *
							Varangu											481.3 *
							Varangu					Skullrockian					Demingian †	482 *
							Pakerort											482.2 *
																		Mansian †	483.55 *
						485 *												Mansian †
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian		Tavgian †						Ketyan †/Yurakian						485.4
																				486.3 *
																				486.5
																				487.5
		Jiangshanian																		489.5
						Aksaian														490.7 *
						Sakian														492.2 *
		Paibian																		494
		Paibian												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian						494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian													497
		Guzhangian						Mayan/Menevian													499.5
		Drumian						Mayan/Menevian													500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †													Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																			Amgan/Solvan	509
										Toyonian				Lenian †							510 *
										Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3								Botomian											514
		Stage 3								Atdabanian											515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Tommotian											521
		Stage 2								Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian								Nemakit-Daldynian				Manykaian †							529
																							538.8