PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Australia	Central Paratethys Stages	Silurian of the Baltic	North American Land Mammal Ages	Permian of China	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe	Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Saintaugustinean					0
		Meghalayan											Santarosean					0.0004
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Late Pleistocene											Rancholabrean					0.014
		Chibanian											Rancholabrean					0.129
		Chibanian											Irvingtonian					0.21
		Calabrian											Irvingtonian					0.774
		Calabrian											Blancan					1.4
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															2.58
		Zanclean																3.6
		Zanclean											Hemphillian					4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian									Pannonian							7.246
		Tortonian									Pannonian		Clarendonian					9.4
		Serravallian									Sarmatian		Clarendonian					11.63
											Sarmatian		Barstovian					12.5
											Badenian							12.8 *
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
													Hemingfordian					16.3
													Arikareean					18.5
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
													Whitneyan					29.5
													Orellan					31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian											Chadronian					33.9
		Priabonian											Duchesnean					37
		Bartonian											Duchesnean					37.71
		Bartonian											Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian											Uintan					41.2
		Lutetian											Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian											Bridgerian					47.8
													Wasatchian					50.5
													Clarkforkian					54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Clarkforkian					56
		Thanetian											Tiffanian					56.2
		Selandian											Tiffanian					59.2
		Selandian											Torrejonian					60.9
		Danian											Torrejonian					61.6
		Danian											Puercan					63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian														Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian														Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Coniacian														Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian														Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
		Cenomanian														Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Late Albian		100.5
																Middle Albian		106.2 *
																Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian														Late Aptian		113
		Aptian														Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian														Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian														Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian														Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian														Late Berriasian		139.8
																Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
																Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian														Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian														Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian	152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites		Late Bajocian	168.2
						Late Bajocian	Humphresianum	168.4
						Early Bajocian	Humphresianum	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons		Thouarsense	Late Toarcian	174.7
							Late Toarcian	180.1
							Middle Toarcian	180.4 *
				Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum			Middle Toarcian	182
				Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum			Early Toarcian	182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian	184.2
		Sinemurian		Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian	192.9
		Hettangian		Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian					Sevatian	208.5
							Alaunian	213.2 *
							Lacian	216.7 *
		Carnian					Tuvalian	227
		Carnian					Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Longobardian	237
		Ladinian					Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian					Illyrian	242
							Pelsonian	243.8 *
							Bithynian	244.7 *
							Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian					Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan					Dienerian	251.2
		Induan					Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian					Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Lengwuan	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian							Kuhfengian	Wordian	264.28
		Roadian							Kuhfengian	Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Luodianian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian									Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian										283.5
									Longlinian			285.4 *
			Wolfcampian							Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian							Zisongian	Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Zisongian		Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian										300.1
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Kasimovian										305.9
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli											Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian										Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian			425.6							Paadla
	Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula							427.4
		Homerian			Jaagarahu							429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu							430.5
		Sheinwoodian			Jaani							431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani							433.4
		Telychian			Adavere							434 *
		Aeronian			Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian			Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian			Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian			Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ashgill	Hirnantian						Bolindian		443.8
		Katian				Rawtheyan								445.2
						Cautleyan								448.9 *
				Eastonian		Cautleyan						449 *
						Pusgillian						449.3 *
					Caradoc	Streffordian						Onnian †		449.6 *
						Cheneyan								451.5 *
				Gisbornian		Cheneyan								452 *
						Burrellian								452.7 *
		Sandbian												453
												Actonian †		453.2 *
												Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
												Longvillian †			455.2 *
						Aurelucian						Longvillian †			456.8 *
						Aurelucian						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							Darriwilian			458.4
		Darriwilian			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							Darriwilian			461.3 *
		Dapingian			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							Yapeenian			467.3
				Arenig	Fennian							Yapeenian			468.4 *
								Castlemainian				468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Chewtonian				470
					Whitlandian			Chewtonian				471.1 *
								Bendigonian				471.8 *
							Lancefieldian	473.5 *
					Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
					Cressagian			480.8 *
					Cressagian		Warendian	482.8 *
							Warendian	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †				497
		Drumian	500.5
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †						504.5
																		509