PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Australia	Silurian of England		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian of North America		North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Wanganui	Haweran			Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan															Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Late Pleistocene															Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian															Rancholabrean	0.129
																	Irvingtonian	0.21
														Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian																0.774
																	Blancan	1.4
														Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian												Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian												Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Mangapanian				2.58
		Piacenzian												Waipipian				3
		Zanclean												Waipipian				3.6
														Opoitian				3.7
														Opoitian			Hemphillian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian											Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian												Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian																7.246
																	Clarendonian	9.4
													Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian																11.63
																	Barstovian	12.5
														Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian												Lillburnian				13.82
														Clifdenian				15.1
													Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian																15.98
																	Hemingfordian	16.3
																	Arikareean	18.5
														Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian												Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian											Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Waitakian				23.03
														Duntroonian				25.2
														Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian																27.82
																	Whitneyan	29.5
																	Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian															Chadronian	33.9
													Arnold	Runangan				34.6
														Kaiatan				36.7
																	Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian																37.71
														Bortonian				39.1
																	Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian																41.2
													Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
														Heretaungan				45.7
																	Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian																47.8
														Mangaorapan				48.9
														Mangaorapan			Wasatchian	50.5
														Waipawan			Wasatchian	52
														Waipawan			Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Teurian			Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian															Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian															Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian															Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian															Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian															Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian			Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian			Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
					Mangaotanean		90.5
					Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan		93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
					Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan		100.5
					Urutawan		103.3
				Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian			Korangan		113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Buntsandstein	Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Capitanian	Rotliegendes	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian						Wordian		Leine	264.28
		Roadian						Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian			Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian									Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							Autunian		Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian						Wolfcampian			Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian									Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian									Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										Late Famennian	358.9
												Middle Famennian	365.3 *
												Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian										Late Frasnian	372.2
												Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
												Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										Late Givetian	382.7
												Middle Givetian	383.7 *
			Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian			410.8
			Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle			Whitcliffe/Leintwardine							419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle			Bringewood/Elton							421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale			Wenlock (England)/Tickwood							423
		Gorstian											425.6
		Gorstian				Buildwas							426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian				Buildwas							427.4
		Homerian	Wych		Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Telychian				436.3 *
		Aeronian				438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian		Bolindian								443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan										445.2
				Cautleyan										448.9 *
				Cautleyan		Eastonian								449 *
				Pusgillian										449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian										Onnian †	449.6 *
				Cheneyan											451.5 *
				Cheneyan		Gisbornian									452 *
				Burrellian											452.7 *
		Sandbian													453
														Actonian †	453.2 *
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
														Longvillian †		455.2 *
				Aurelucian										Longvillian †		456.8 *
				Aurelucian										Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn										Darriwilian		458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										Darriwilian		461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										Yapeenian		467.3
			Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *							Yapeenian
							Castlemainian							468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Chewtonian			470
				Whitlandian			Chewtonian			471.1 *
							Bendigonian			471.8 *
							Lancefieldian			473.5 *
				Moridunian						474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian						477.7
				Cressagian						480.8 *
				Cressagian			Warendian	482.8 *
							Warendian	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
																		509