PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Britain				Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	North American Land Mammal Ages	Permian of China	Devonian Subages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Saintaugustinean			0
		Meghalayan									Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Late Pleistocene									Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian									Rancholabrean			0.129
		Chibanian									Irvingtonian			0.21
		Calabrian									Irvingtonian			0.774
		Calabrian									Blancan			1.4
		Gelasian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											2.58
		Zanclean												3.6
		Zanclean									Hemphillian			4.7
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Tortonian									Clarendonian			9.4
		Serravallian									Clarendonian			11.63
		Serravallian									Barstovian			12.5
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
											Hemingfordian			16.3
											Arikareean			18.5
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
		Rupelian												27.82
											Whitneyan			29.5
											Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian									Chadronian			33.9
		Priabonian									Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian									Duchesnean			37.71
		Bartonian									Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian									Uintan			41.2
		Lutetian									Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian									Bridgerian			47.8
											Wasatchian			50.5
											Clarkforkian			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Clarkforkian			56
		Thanetian									Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian									Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian									Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian									Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian									Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Lengwuan	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Kuhfengian	Wordian	264.28
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Kuhfengian	Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian						Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							283.5
						Longlinian			285.4 *
							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian						Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian				Zisongian		Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian			298.9
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Late Famennian	358.9
									Middle Famennian	365.3 *
									Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian							Late Frasnian	372.2
									Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
									Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian							Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian							Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian							Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian						398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian						410.8
			Middle Lochkovian						412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian						415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian								Rawtheyan	445.2
										Cautleyan	448.9 *
										Pusgillian	449.3 *
									Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
										Cheneyan		451.5 *
										Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
											Actonian †	453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †		455.2 *
										Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
										Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian							Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Fennian			470
										Whitlandian			471.1 *
										Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian							Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
				Cressagian					Tremadoc	480.8 *
										485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †					497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											509
	Series 2	Stage 3											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				529
														538.8