PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Britain				Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of the Baltic				European Faunal Units	Cambrian of North America	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																	Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan																	Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Late Pleistocene																	Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian																	Rancholabrean	0.129
		Chibanian																	Irvingtonian	0.21
		Calabrian																	Irvingtonian	0.774
		Calabrian																	Blancan	1.4
		Gelasian																		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Villanyian			2.58
		Piacenzian															Ruscinian			3.1 *
		Zanclean																		3.6
		Zanclean																	Hemphillian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian															Turolian			5.333
		Tortonian															Turolian			7.246
																	Vallesian			8.7
																	Vallesian		Clarendonian	9.4
		Serravallian															Astaracian		Clarendonian	11.63
		Serravallian																	Barstovian	12.5
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian															Orleanian			15.98
																			Hemingfordian	16.3
																			Arikareean	18.5
																	Agenian			20
		Aquitanian															Agenian			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
		Rupelian																		27.82
																			Whitneyan	29.5
																			Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian																	Chadronian	33.9
		Priabonian																	Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian																	Duchesnean	37.71
		Bartonian																	Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian																	Uintan	41.2
		Lutetian																	Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian																	Bridgerian	47.8
																			Wasatchian	50.5
																			Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian																	Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian																	Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian																	Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian																	Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian																	Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian																	Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Ashgill	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian						Rawtheyan		Pirgu	445.2
			Cautleyan					448.9 *
			Pusgillian					449.3 *
			Caradoc				Streffordian	Onnian †		Vormsi	449.6 *
										Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
									Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
							Cheneyan			Rakvere		451.5 *
							Cheneyan			Oandu		452 *
							Burrellian			Oandu		452.7 *
		Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †	453
								Actonian †		Keila		453.2 *
								Actonian †		Haljala		453.9
								Marshbrookian †				Woolstonian †	454.2 *
								Longvillian †					455.2 *
										Kukruse			456.4 *
							Aurelucian						456.8 *
								Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
								Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn				Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Uhaku			458.4
										Lasnamagi			458.9 *
										Aseri			460.4 *
							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Aseri			461.3 *
									Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
										Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
										Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian												467.3
			Arenig				Fennian							468.4 *
										Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
											Latorp †			470.1 *
							Whitlandian							471.1 *
							Whitlandian			Hunneberg				473.7 *
							Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
				Cressagian			480.8 *
							Varangu			481.3 *
					Pakerort		482.2 *
							485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Merioneth			Dolgellian/Trempealeauan				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Late Cambrian	485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																Sunwaptan	487.5
						Festiniogian				489.2 *
		Jiangshanian								489.5
										Steptoean						493 *
						Maentwrogian										493.1 *
		Paibian				Maentwrogian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †	St Davids							Marjumian	Albertian †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian												Marjumian			500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †			Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †			Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Caerfai	Waucoban †	Early Cambrian	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4															Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3															Dyeran	514
																	Montezuman	514.8 *
																	Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																529
																				538.8