PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of North America			European Faunal Units	Central Paratethys Stages	Silurian of the Baltic	Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan											Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.129
													Irvingtonian			0.21
															Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene				0.774
													Blancan			1.4
															Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian													Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian													Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Villanyian			Late Pliocene			Mangapanian	2.58
									Villanyian						Waipipian	3
									Ruscinian							3.1 *
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene				3.6
															Opoitian	3.7
													Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian							Turolian			Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian								Pannonian						7.246
									Vallesian							8.7
													Clarendonian			9.4
														Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian							Astaracian	Sarmatian		Middle Miocene				11.63
										Sarmatian			Barstovian			12.5
										Badenian						12.8 *
										Badenian					Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian													Lillburnian	13.82
															Clifdenian	15.1
														Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian							Orleanian			Early Miocene				15.98
													Hemingfordian			16.3
													Arikareean			18.5
															Otaian	18.7
									Agenian							20
		Aquitanian														20.44
		Aquitanian												Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene			Waitakian	23.03
															Duntroonian	25.2
															Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene				27.82
													Whitneyan			29.5
													Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene	Chadronian			33.9
														Arnold	Runangan	34.6
															Kaiatan	36.7
													Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene				37.71
															Bortonian	39.1
													Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian														41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
															Heretaungan	45.7
													Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene				47.8
															Mangaorapan	48.9
													Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
													Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
													Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene	Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian										Late Paleocene	Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian		Middle Paleocene	59.2								Tiffanian
		Selandian		Middle Paleocene	Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian		Early Paleocene	Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian		Early Paleocene	Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Late Famennian	358.9
									Middle Famennian	365.3 *
									Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian							Late Frasnian	372.2
									Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
									Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian							Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	410.8
			Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan	Ohesaare					419.2
			Cayugan	Kaugetuma					421.7 *
			Niagaran	Kaugetuma					422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		Kuressaare					423
		Ludfordian		Paadla					423.4 *
		Gorstian		Paadla					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		Lockportian					Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian		Lockportian					Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					430.5		Jaagarahu
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani		431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian		Ontarian			Jaani		433.4
		Telychian					Adavere		434 *
		Aeronian							438.5
						Alexandrian			438.7 *
							Raikkula		439.4 *
			Medinan	Clinton					440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian									500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3									514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
																538.8