PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of North America			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Cenozoic Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Permian of the Salt Range	Cambrian of North America		Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of Western Europe
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene								0.129
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene								0.774
		Gelasian											Early Pleistocene								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											Early Pliocene								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene								5.333
		Tortonian											Late Miocene								7.246
		Serravallian											Middle Miocene								11.63
		Langhian											Middle Miocene								13.82
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene								15.98
		Aquitanian											Early Miocene								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											Late Oligocene								23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											Early Oligocene								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											Late Eocene								33.9
		Bartonian											Middle Eocene								37.71
		Lutetian											Middle Eocene								41.2
		Ypresian											Early Eocene								47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Late Paleocene								56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene								59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																			145
		Kimmeridgian																			149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian												Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites							168.2
		Bajocian													Humphresianum						168.4
		Aalenian												Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense						174.7
														Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons							180.1
														Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum							182
		Pliensbachian												Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni							184.2
		Sinemurian												Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi							192.9
		Hettangian												Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																			201.4
		Norian																			208.5
		Carnian																			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																			247.2
		Induan																			251.2
		Induan														Kathwai					251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														Kathwai			Buntsandstein		251.902
																					252.4 *
																Chhidru					252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †												Chhidru				Zechstein	254.14
																Kalabagh					255 *
																Wargal					256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																	Ohre/Aller	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian																	Leine		264.28
																					265.3 *
					Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb		266.9
		Roadian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					Autunian	283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan					419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran					422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
									Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan					Clinton		440.1 *
										440.7 *
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Kosovian	443.8
		Katian								Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian								Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian										453
												Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †			456.2 *
											Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
										Dobrotivian						458.5 *
										Oretanian						459.7 *
											Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian									Klabava †				467.3
		Dapingian								Arenigian					468
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Arenigian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian								Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10													Niuchehean		Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian													Jiangshanian		Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian													Jiangshanian		Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian													Paibian			494
		Paibian													Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian												Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian													Marjumian		Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †											Topazan		Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †											Delamaran		Wuliuan/Taijangian		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Delamaran	Waucoban †	Duyunian		509
		Stage 4													Dyeran		Duyunian		511 *
		Stage 3													Dyeran		Nangaoian		514
															Montezuman				514.8 *
															Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian															Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian															Jinnigian		530.7
																					538.8