PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of North America			Permian of North America		Ordovician of Britain				Ten Million Year Bins	Carboniferous of North America	Permian of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Cenozoic 6			Wanganui	Haweran			0
		Northgrippian																				0.0042
		Greenlandian																				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																				0.0117
		Chibanian																				0.129
		Chibanian																	Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian																	Castlecliffian			0.774
		Calabrian																	Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian																	Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian																	Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian																	Waipipian			3
		Zanclean																	Waipipian			3.6
		Zanclean																	Opoitian			3.7
	Miocene	Messinian																Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian																	Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian																	Tongaporutuan			7.246
		Tortonian																Southland	Waiauan			11.04
		Serravallian													Cenozoic 5				Waiauan			11.63
		Serravallian																	Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian																	Lillburnian			13.82
																			Clifdenian			15.1
																		Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian																	Altonian			15.98
		Burdigalian																	Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian																	Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian																Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													Cenozoic 4				Waitakian			23.03
																			Duntroonian			25.2
																			Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													Cenozoic 3							33.9
																		Arnold	Runangan			34.6
																			Kaiatan			36.7
		Bartonian																	Kaiatan			37.71
		Bartonian																	Bortonian			39.1
		Lutetian													Cenozoic 2				Bortonian			41.2
																		Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
																			Heretaungan			45.7
		Ypresian																	Heretaungan			47.8
																			Mangaorapan			48.9
																			Waipawan			52
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Cenozoic 1				Teurian			56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Cretaceous 8			Mata	Haumurian	Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian													Cretaceous 7				Haumurian	Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian													Cretaceous 6				Piripauan	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Santonian																Raukumara	Teratan	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		86.1
		Coniacian																		Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian																		Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
																			Mangaotanean			90.5
																			Arowhanan			93.7
		Cenomanian													Cretaceous 5				Arowhanan	Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
																		Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
																			Motuan			99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Cretaceous 4				Motuan	Late Albian		100.5
																			Urutawan	Late Albian		103.3
																			Urutawan	Middle Albian		106.2 *
																		Taitai	Korangan	Middle Albian		108.4
																				Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian													Cretaceous 3					Late Aptian		113
																				Late Aptian		117.5
																				Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2	Late Barremian/Early Barremian	121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2	Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1	Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	132.6
		Berriasian			Late Berriasian	139.8
					Middle Berriasian	140.6 *
					Early Berriasian	142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6		Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian		Jurassic 6		Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5		Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian		152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian		168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian		168.6 *
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian		174.7
						Middle Toarcian		180.4 *
						Early Toarcian		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian				Sevatian		208.5
						Alaunian		213.2 *
						Lacian		216.7 *
		Carnian		Triassic 3		Tuvalian		227
		Carnian		Triassic 3		Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2		Longobardian		237
		Ladinian				Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian		242
						Pelsonian		243.8 *
						Bithynian		244.7 *
						Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1		Spathian		247.2
		Olenekian				Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan				Dienerian		251.2
		Induan				Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4		Meishanian			251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †			Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †			Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Capitanian	Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian							Wordian	Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian	Roadian	Permian 3					266.9	Kuhfengian
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Leonardian	Cathedralian					Permian 2	Luodianian	273.01
		Kungurian		Hessian							281.9 *
		Artinskian									283.5
										Longlinian	285.4 *
			Wolfcampian	Lenoxian							286.1 *
		Sakmarian		Lenoxian							290.1
		Asselian		Nealian					Permian 1	Bursumian †	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Carboniferous 5	Virgilian	Zisongian	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian								Virgilian			300.1
		Kasimovian								Missourian			303.7
		Kasimovian								Desmoinesian			305.9 *
		Moscovian							Carboniferous 4	Desmoinesian		Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Moscovian								Atokan		Middle Pennsylvanian	312.7 *
		Bashkirian								Atokan		Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
		Bashkirian								Morrowan		Early Pennsylvanian	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Carboniferous 3	Chesterian		Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean							Carboniferous 2	Chesterian		Middle Mississippian	330.9
										Meramecian			335.8 *
										Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian							Carboniferous 1	Osagean		Early Mississippian	346.7
		Tournaisian							Carboniferous 1	Kinderhookian		Early Mississippian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7				Devonian 3
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Cayugan				Silurian 2				419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran								422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian		Silurian 1				433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan		Clinton							440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											Ashgill	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian												Rawtheyan			Pirgu	445.2
														Cautleyan				448.9 *
														Pusgillian				449.3 *
													Caradoc	Streffordian			Onnian †	Vormsi	449.6 *
																		Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
																Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
														Cheneyan				Rakvere		451.5 *
														Cheneyan				Oandu		452 *
														Burrellian				Oandu		452.7 *
		Sandbian													Ordovician 4			Keila	Idavere †	453
																	Actonian †	Keila		453.2 *
																	Actonian †	Haljala		453.9
																	Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
																	Longvillian †				455.2 *
																		Kukruse			456.4 *
														Aurelucian							456.8 *
								Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian												457.4 *
								Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian										Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Llanvirn					Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn		Ordovician 3			Uhaku		458.4
																		Lasnamagi		458.9 *
						Aseri												460.4 *
						Aseri							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
						Oeland										Kunda		462.9 *
																Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
																Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian													Ordovician 2					467.3
								Arenig					Fennian							468.4 *
																Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian																		470
																		Latorp †		470.1 *
			Whitlandian	471.1 *
			Whitlandian	Hunneberg							473.7 *
			Moridunian								474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc					Migneintian			Ordovician 1		477.7
								Cressagian					480.8 *
				Varangu									481.3 *
				Pakerort									482.2 *
													485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Cambrian 5				485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †				Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian								500.5					Cambrian 4
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Cambrian 3			509
	Series 2	Stage 3										Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										Cambrian 1			529
																						538.8