PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of North America			Permian of Western Europe	Cenozoic Subepochs	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene			0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene			0.129
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene			0.774
		Gelasian								Early Pleistocene			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Late Pliocene			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								Early Pliocene			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene			5.333
		Tortonian								Late Miocene			7.246
		Serravallian								Middle Miocene			11.63
		Langhian								Middle Miocene			13.82
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene			15.98
		Aquitanian								Early Miocene			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Late Oligocene	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Early Oligocene	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Late Eocene	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Bartonian								Middle Eocene	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian								Middle Eocene			41.2
		Ypresian								Early Eocene		Bumbanian	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Late Paleocene	Gashatan		56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene			59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †					Zechstein				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Rotliegendes				259.51
		Wordian											264.28
		Roadian											266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian											273.01
		Artinskian							Autunian				283.5
		Sakmarian											290.1
		Asselian											293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
		Kasimovian											303.7
		Moscovian											307
		Bashkirian											315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
							Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
								440.7 *
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	497
		Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				504.5
													509