PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of North America			Permian Subages of Germany	Mesozoic Subages		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Devonian Subages	Devonian of France	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Chibanian														Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian														Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian														Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Yushean				Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian														Waipipian	3
		Zanclean														Waipipian	3.6
																Opoitian	3.7
												Baodean				Opoitian	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian													Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian														Tongaporutuan	7.246
															Southland	Waiauan	11.04
												Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian															11.63
		Serravallian														Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian										Shanwangian				Lillburnian	13.82
																Clifdenian	15.1
															Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian															15.98
												Xiejiaan					16.9
																Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Waitakian	23.03
																Duntroonian	25.2
																Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
															Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian														Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian														Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian														Bortonian	41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian														Heretaungan	47.8
																Mangaorapan	48.9
																Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Teurian	56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian						Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian						Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian								Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian								Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian							89.8
																Mangaotanean	90.5
																Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian						Arowhanan	93.9
															Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Late Albian						Motuan	100.5
										Late Albian						Urutawan	103.3
										Middle Albian						Urutawan	106.2 *
										Middle Albian					Taitai	Korangan	108.4
										Early Albian							109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian	113
				Late Aptian		117.5
				Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian		139.8
				Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
				Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian				168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian				168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian				174.7
				Middle Toarcian				180.4 *
				Early Toarcian				182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian		Sevatian				208.5
				Alaunian				213.2 *
				Lacian				216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian				227
		Carnian		Julian				233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian				237
		Ladinian		Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian				242
				Pelsonian				243.8 *
				Bithynian				244.7 *
				Aegean				245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian				247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian				248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian				251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian				251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Buntsandstein					Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian							Leine	264.28
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	293.52
		Asselian	Kuzel							297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Kuzel							298.9
			Stephanian							Stephanian C	300.3 *
										Stephanian B	300.9 *
										Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian								Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian								Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian								Cantabrian	307
			Westphalian							Westphalian D	307.4 *
										Westphalian C	309.8
										Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian								Westphalian B	315.2
										Westphalian A	317 *
			Namurian							Yeadonian	318.8 *
					Marsdenian					320.2 *
					Kinderscoutian					321.5 *
					Alportian					322 *
					Chokierian					323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Chokierian					323.2
					Arnsbergian					324 *
					Pendleian					327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian		Brigantian †					330.9
			Livian		Asbian †		336.3 *
			Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian				346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian				353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian				Famennian				358.9
			Middle Famennian								365.3 *
			Early Famennian			368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			Frasnian	372.2
			Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
			Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			Givetian	Srbsko				382.7
			Middle Givetian								383.7 *
			Early Givetian								385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			Couvinien	Chotec				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				Chotec				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				Pragian				407.6
		Pragian	Pragian			Coblencien	Pragian				408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian			Gedinnine	Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian								412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian								415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan									419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran									422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan									Clinton		440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
		Katian		445.2
		Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan					485.4
		Stage 10							Sunwaptan				487.5
		Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan				489.5
		Jiangshanian							Steptoean				493 *
		Paibian							Steptoean				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †					Marjumian				Albertian †	497
		Drumian							Marjumian					500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †					Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †					Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Waucoban †	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4												Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3												Dyeran	514
														Montezuman	514.8 *
														Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																	538.8