PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of England		Devonian Subages	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		European Faunal Units	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran		Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan												Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Late Pleistocene												Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian												Rancholabrean	0.129
														Irvingtonian	0.21
												Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian													0.774
														Blancan	1.4
												Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian	Villanyian		2.58
												Waipipian	Villanyian		3
													Ruscinian		3.1 *
		Zanclean													3.6
												Opoitian			3.7
												Opoitian		Hemphillian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean	Turolian		5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian													7.246
													Vallesian		8.7
														Clarendonian	9.4
											Southland	Waiauan			11.04
		Serravallian											Astaracian		11.63
														Barstovian	12.5
												Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian			13.82
												Clifdenian			15.1
											Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian											Orleanian		15.98
														Hemingfordian	16.3
														Arikareean	18.5
												Otaian			18.7
													Agenian		20
		Aquitanian													20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian			23.03
												Duntroonian			25.2
												Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian													27.82
														Whitneyan	29.5
														Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian												Chadronian	33.9
											Arnold	Runangan			34.6
												Kaiatan			36.7
														Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian													37.71
												Bortonian			39.1
														Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian													41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
												Heretaungan			45.7
														Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian													47.8
												Mangaorapan			48.9
												Mangaorapan		Wasatchian	50.5
												Waipawan		Wasatchian	52
												Waipawan		Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian		Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian												Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian												Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian		Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian		Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian		Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian			Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian			Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
					Mangaotanean		90.5
					Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan		93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
					Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan		100.5
					Urutawan		103.3
				Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian			Korangan		113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					251.902
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian							Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian						Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian						Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
									Filipovian	276.5 *
									Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian						Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
									Irginian	285.9 *
									Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian						Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Late Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
			Middle Famennian			365.3 *
			Early Famennian			368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean				372.2
			Middle Frasnian							375.4 *
			Early Frasnian							379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan				Cazenovian	382.7
			Middle Givetian								383.7 *
			Early Givetian								385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			Southwoodian					387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			Southwoodian					390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian				Helderbergian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian					398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian								410.8
			Middle Lochkovian								412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Whitcliffe/Leintwardine							419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Bringewood/Elton							421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood							423
		Gorstian										425.6
		Gorstian		Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian		Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Telychian			436.3 *
		Aeronian			438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Bolindian							443.8
		Katian			Bolindian							445.2
					Eastonian							449 *
					Gisbornian							452 *
		Sandbian			Gisbornian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian							458.4
		Dapingian			Yapeenian							467.3
		Dapingian			Castlemainian							468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian							470
					Bendigonian							471.8 *
					Lancefieldian							473.5 *
		Tremadocian			Lancefieldian							477.7
		Tremadocian			Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †					497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †	504.5
															509