PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Silurian of England		Cenozoic Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cambrian of Australia	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene										0.774
		Gelasian						Early Pleistocene										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean						Early Pliocene										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene										5.333
		Tortonian						Late Miocene										7.246
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene										11.63
		Langhian						Middle Miocene										13.82
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene										15.98
		Aquitanian						Early Miocene										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene						Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Early Oligocene						Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene						Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene						Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Lutetian						Middle Eocene										41.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene							Bumbanian			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene						Gashatan				56
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian						Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian														Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
																Kawhia	Ohauan	150
																	Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Callovian															Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian							Epizigzagiceras									168.2
		Bajocian							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense									168.4
		Aalenian							Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta									174.7
									Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta							Herangi	Ururoan	176
									Planulata									179.3 *
									Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi							179.8 *
									Kanense									181.3 *
									Carlottense									182.3 *
									Kunae									183.5 *
		Pliensbachian							Kunae									184.2
									Freboldi									185.1 *
									Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras								186.2 *
									Whiteavesi/Imlayi								Aratauran	188.9
																		189.2 *
									Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis								190.3 *
		Sinemurian																192.9
									Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras							196.4 *
									Franziceras/Euphyllites									196.5 *
		Hettangian							Franziceras/Euphyllites									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian															Warepan	208.5
																	Otamitan	217
				Oretian	221
		Carnian		Oretian	227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian			Etalian	238
		Anisian			Etalian	242
		Anisian			Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian	249
		Induan			Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian	Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan	Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian	283.5			Mangapirian
			Telfordian			285
						288.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Srbsko	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Chotec	Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian		393.3
		Pragian				Pragian		407.6
		Pragian				Pragian	Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian	Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine					419.2
	Pridoli					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton					421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood					423
		Gorstian										425.6
		Gorstian					Buildwas					426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian					Buildwas					Gleedonian	427.4
						Wych	Woolhope					Gleedonian	428.4 *
												Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Telychian											436.3 *
		Aeronian											438.5
		Aeronian				Cowleigh Park							439.3 *
		Rhuddanian				Cowleigh Park							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
		Katian											445.2
		Sandbian											453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian								467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian								470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10							Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian							Iverian	489.5
		Paibian							Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian								Boomerangian	499
		Drumian								Undillan	500.5
		Drumian								Floran	503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Ordian	509
																		510.8 *